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an-Nūr - The Light - Coggle Diagram

- - - - following the expedition to Banu Mustaliq and the incident of ifk
- - - - v3. Believers ordered not to prefer to marry
        
        fornicator
        
        polytheist
      - v26. virtuous women are for virtuous men, and virtuous men are for virtuous women.
      - V26. Wicked women are for wicked men, and wicked men are for wicked women
    - - Allah's Messenger ﷺ said, "O young people! Whoever among you can marry, should marry, because it helps him lower his gaze and guard his modesty (i.e. his private parts from committing illegal sexual intercourse etc.) and whoever is not able to marry, should fast, as fasting diminishes his sexual power." Sahih Bukhari
  - - - i.e. private parts (from sinning)
  - - - exceptions
        
        v31. from
        
        fathers (including grandfathers)
        
        father of husband
        
        brothers
        
        sons
        
        sons of husband (from other wives)
        
        sons of brothers
        
        sons of sisters
        
        their women
        
        their slavegirls
        
        male attendants with no physical desire
        
        innocent unaware children
        
        husband
        
        v60. elderly women who no longer have hope or desire for marriage may remove some of their outer covering without revealing their adornments
        
        yet concealment is better
        
        v31. what normally appears
- - - - v2. unmarried person charged with fornication
        
        witnessed by party of believers
        
        :warning: deterrent and example for the rest
        
        100 lashes
        
        no compassion for criminals spreading immorality in society
        
        both fornicator woman and man to be flogged
      - only granted by a judge in a court of law after crime established and carried out by law enforcement agencies
        
        4 witnesses who testify to having seen the act
        
        adult
        
        trustworthy
        
        muslim
        
        male
        
        sane
        
        v6-9. Li'ān
        
        man testifies under oath 4 times that he is truthful
        
        husband accuses wife of zina but cannot bring up 4 witnesses
        
        he follows up with the statement that may the curse of Allah be on him if he is lying
        
        punishment of adultery will be removed from the accused woman if she swears four oaths by Allah that the accuser husband is certainly one of the liars, the fifth oath that Allah’s wrath be on her if he is one of the truthful
        
        marriage is anulled
        
        they can never remarry
        
        not permissible to call the woman an adulteress as the matter is deferred to the hereafter
      - punishment for married fornicators is stoning to death as established by Hadith and Sunnah
  - - - slanderer's testimony not to be accepted in court
      - 80 lashes
    - - with outsiders
        
        v27. etiquette for entering homes
        
        make yourself known to the occupants
        
        Greet with salam
        
        v61. greet one another with a greeting (of peace) from Allah, blessed and good.
        
        v61. no blame in eating together after permission is granted
        
        seek permission
        
        v28. If you find no one at home, do not enter it until you have been given permission
        
        v28. if you are asked to leave, then leave
        
        exceptions
        
        v29. public places (e.g. mosques and travelers rest houses)
        
        v27. your own home
      - with insiders
        
        etiquette for entering spaces of privacy (bedrooms)
        
        ask permission
        
        children and slavegirls
        
        at 3 times of privacy
        
        before fajr prayer
        
        in the afternoon nap time
        
        after 'isha prayer
        
        older children
        
        at all times
- - - - 6 AH
        
        return from battle against Banu Mustaliq towards Madina
      - Sayyidah A'ishah ؓ mistakenly left behind at the caravan's campsite
      - Sayyidna Safwan Ibn Mu` attal ؓ who was assigned the duty to travel behind the caravan and check for any forgotten things at the camp reached at dawn and found Umm ul mu'mineen A'isha ؓ and brought her safely back to the people
      - Abdullah Ibn Ubayy - leader of the munafiqeen - fabricated a false slander against Aisha ra and the hypocrites got the rumors circulating in Madina
      - some Muslims also indulged in repeating the rumor
  - - - even before the marriage with the Holy Prophet ﷺ Jibra'il (علیہ السلام) had brought to him her image wrapped in a silk cloth, and said to him 'she is your wife'
      - the Holy Prophet ﷺ did not marry any unmarried girl other than her
      - the Holy Prophet ﷺ passed away in her lap
      - he ﷺ was buried in her house
      - he ﷺ had received revelation even at that time also when he used to be with Sayyidah 'A'isha RA under the same quilt. None of the other wives was granted this distinction ever.
      - her exoneration was sent down as divine revelation
      - she was the daughter of the caliph of the Holy Prophet ﷺ and was herself a Siddiqah رضي الله عنها
    - - how?
        
        Honour and innocence of Aisha RA mentioned in verses which will be read until the day of Judgement.
        
        The hypocrites, troublemakers, exposed in society
        
        Naseehah and tarbiyah for Muslims for all times to come
        
        teaching us reframing - shifting perspective on situations to see what good came out of it.
    - - v12. Why did the fellow believers not have a good assumption and think this cannot be, this is a manifest lie!
      - v13. Why did they not produce four witnesses - they are now liable for punishment of false slander
      - v15. you said what you said about the Mother of the believers and you thought that it was a trifling and insignificant matter while with Allah it was extremely serious
      - v16. you had to just avoid indulging in discussing this matter declaring:
        
        its not fitting for us
        
        its a clear slander بُهْتٰنٌ عَظِيمٌ
      - v19. painful punishment for those who love to see indecency spread among the believers
    - - Ayah 22 revealed for Syedina Abu Bakr As Siddiq r.a.
        
        he swore that he would no longer financially support his cousin Mistah bin Uthathah after he said what he said about `A'ishah
- - - - Nur of guidance
    - - lamp (heart of the believer)
        
        lamp is enclosed in a glittering crystal glass (shari'a)
        
        lit by the oil of a blessed olive tree
        
        oil itself gives off light even if no fire touches it (fitrah - primordial disposition to recognize the truth about its Creator Allah swt)
        
        neither of the east nor west
        
        the tree receives sunlight from all directions all day so it produces the finest olives which yields the clearest oil
        
        نُّورٌ عَلَىٰ نُورٍۢ
        
        when fitra receives the illumination of guidance, it burns the brightest, protected in the glass casing of shari'a
        
        light upon light
  - - - i.e. masajid
  - - - darknesses of the deep sea
      - covered by waves upon waves
      - topped by dark clouds
      - can hardly see his own outstretched hand
      - And whoever Allah does not bless with light will have no light!
- - - - on two legs
      - on four legs
- - - - Allah's Messenger ﷺ
        
        v 51. say We hear and obey
      - Allah swt
        
        mindful of Allah
        
        fear Allah
  - - - v63. Do not consider calling of the messenger ﷺ among you as a call of one of you to another
      - dont slip away from his gathering without permission
- - - - they only accept the messengerﷺ's judgement if it is in their favour
        
        Allah and the messenger ﷺ will never be unjust
        
        these hypocrites are the unjust ones
      - They are not believers
      - their hearts carry the disease of hypocrisy
    - - v53. swear by Allah on forceful oaths to conceal their hypocrisy