Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

EDWARD VI - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Phase 1 - Destructive:
        
        1547 Royal Visitation (commissioners sent to all brishoprics to examine state of clergy/ doctrine + practices of the Church)
        
        July 1547 Book of Homilies and Paraphrases (Book of Homilies - containing Cranmer's sermons on justification by faith alone - and Erasmus' Paraphrases to be placed in every church. In almost all parish churches by 1549)
        
        July 1547 Royal Injunctions (clergy to preach in English, to have English bible, Prot lit in every Church, superstitious images to be removed)
        
        4 Nov to 24 Dec, Parliament issue Chantries Act (Act of Dissolution revived from Henry's last Parliament 1545, containing new preamble condemning prayers for dead). - 4 Nov -24 Dec 1547, Parliament repeals Act of Six Articles (Had re-established catholic doctrines, left Church without official doctrine)
        
        4 Nov -24 Dec 1547, Parliament repeal Treason Act (Removed old heresy, treason, censorship and proclamation laws, allowed people to discuss religion freely, without fear of persecution)
      - Phase 2 - State of Limbo:
        
        Jan to March 1548, Series of proclamations issued to dampen Protestant unrest (Privy council assert that transubstantiation was in force and that Catholic rites needed to be adhered to, stalling time while Cranmer produced First Prayer Book).
        
        11 Feb 1548 All images to be removed form churches (little opposition!)
        
        24 April 1548 Proclamation stating only authorised clergy can preach (Unauthorised Protestant preachers following repeal of treason and heresy laws)
        
        23 Sept 1548 Proclamation stating no preaching, new liturgy (Liturgy = instructions on how a church service must be performed).
      - Phase 3 - Formative:
        
        Dec 1548 First Prayer Book (Written by Cranmer, outlining new liturgy for Churches to follow)
        
        Jan 1549 Act of Uniformity (Made book of common prayer official liturgy - pockets of resistance, well enforced)
        
        Nov 1549 Parliament remove Laws against clerical marriage. All ecclesiastical courts made in King's name.
        
        25 Dec 1549 Proclamation ordering destruction of remainder of religious images
        
        Jan 1550, New reformed Ordinal (Ordinal = ceremony to follow ordainment of clergy, Hooper enraged but backed down eventually)
        
        Nov 1550 removal of stone altars, replacement by wooden ones.
        
        Jan 1552 New Treason Act (made it an offence to question Royal Supremacy or any articles of faith in the Church).
      - Phase 4 - Completion:
        
        Jan 1552 Second Book of Common Prayer (Highly protestant, Bucer-Cranmer collab, removed traces of Catholicism, Eucharist based on Calvin's ideas of 'spiritual presence'. Prayers for the dead, wearing of vestments removed).
        
        April 1552 Second Act of Uniformity (Enforced Second Book of Common Prayer. Became an offence for clergy and liturgy not to attend CofE services).
        
        Nov 1552 'Black Rubric' Proclamation (Explained kneeling to receive Communion was for the sake of good order, not out of idolatry, E intervenes himself).
        
        24 Nov 1552 Protestant 42 Articles Submitted (Strongly protestant, Cranmer invents. Never enforced/parliamentary law before E dies 1553. Become basis for 39 Articles in Elizabeth's reign).
        
        1553 Short catechism introduced without Parliamentary approval (catechism = manual outlining beliefs of church, written in question-and-answer format).
      - What were the key components of the First Book of Common Prayer? Services in English, Sacraments (5), Communion in both kinds, Clerical marriage allowed, purgatory still unclear, No prayers for dead, Worship of saints discouraged (not banned), traditional robes worn in church, transubstantiation, fast and holy days remain.
        Why was the First Book of Common Prayer a turning point in religious doctrine? Demonstrates Cranmer attempting to appeal to public convention of opinion, meaning that it impressed no one: Catholics viewing it as Protestant, Evangelicals thinking that it 'smacked of papacy'. Led to Second Common Prayer book, which was definitely more Protestant.
        What were the key components of the Second Common Prayer book? A clearly established Eucharist ceremony in line with the belief in a 'spiritual presence', Eucharist known as the 'Lord's Supper' + communicants to kneel, traditional robes not to be worn, altars replaced by communion tables, sign of the cross abolished in confirmation.
        What was the Black Rubric of 1552 and why was it necessary? It applied a Protestant-approved justification to something deemed Catholic - Edward's intervention consolidating this as a crucial decision in England's religious shift towards Protestantism with no exception.
        Define catechism. Why do you think it was necessary? A manual for teaching the main beliefs of Christianity in a question-and-answer format. It was necessary to help the people of England understand where they should stand in terms of their religious beliefs.
        What were the 42 articles? Drawn up and issued by Government on 9th June 1553 (under Northumberland). Never became Parliamentary law. Based on Cranmer's ideas - strongly Protestant, based on the idea of the doctrine of justification by faith alone and loosely on Calvin's belief in predestination. Became foundation for the 39 articles in reign of Elizabeth I.
        What features of Edward's policy caused outrage to radical reformers within his reign?
        Repeal of the Treason Act (Dec 1547) - previously used by radicals to assert views and destroy Catholic images. Protestant pamphlets attacked the Mass and Catholics in general. Led to Jan-March 1548 proclamations aiming to dampen unrest and April 1548 proclamation stating only authorised clergy could preach and then Sept 1548 proclamation stating that there would be no preaching until new liturgy introduced.
        The Jan 1548 Act of Uniformity was met with resistance of Western rebellion. Newly formed Ordinal (detaining ceremony to follow upon ordaining of clergy) outraged Hooper, who did not approve of the fact that he would have to kneel ans swear before saints, all while wearing a white surplice.
        Jan 1552 Second Book of Common Prayer - some radicals opposed the expectation of kneeling during communion.
        Describe the nature of religious change by 1549. While Somerset in gov 1547-49, Cranmer composing First Book of Common Prayer and Act of Uniformity, religion was still moderate and reforms considered Catholics. From 1550-53, reform sped up more extreme liturgical docs published which placed English reform in line with those on the continent.