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Pack 12 - Inheritance - Coggle Diagram
Pack 12 - Inheritance
Definitions
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Codominance
Two alleles both contribute to phenotype, codominant. eg. ABO blood group system (A and B are codominant, O recessive)
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Types of inheritance
Monohybrid
inheritance of a single gene, approx. ratio 3:1 for dominant + recessive
Dihybrid
looks at how 2 characters, determined by different genes located on different chromosomes are inherited
Epistasis
Allele of one gene affects or masks the expression of another in the phenotype eg. albinism masking the allele for fur colour
Sex-linked
Genes carried on sec chromosome, transmitted along with determining sex. Y chromosome much smaller than X, no equivalent portion on Y chromosome = recessive alleles on this part of X chromosome will be expressed eg. colour-blindness + haemophilia
Chi-squared test
Used to test whether deviations between observed and expected numbers are significant. "Goodness of fit" - where you have widely accepted theory and want to check whether observed results are in line with theory
Null hypothesis - there will be no difference between observed and expected values of the DV when the IV is changed
Decide cut off point - usually p =0.05, calculate chi-squared value
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