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Quantitative and Qualitative Research - Coggle Diagram
Quantitative and Qualitative Research
Questions to consider when evaluating scientific evidence .../CRITICAL QUESTIONS REVIEWED
Was a quantitative or qualitative research approach adopted?
Was the research approach appropriate given the problem investigated and
the goals of the research?
Was the process of investigation consistent with the underlying assumptions
of the research used?
Were appropriate types of conclusions drawn given the research approach
used?
Quantitative research
It is an inquiry into an identified problem, based on testing a theory,
measured with numbers, and analyzed using statistical techniques.
A qualitative process of inquiry has the goal of
understanding a social or human problem from multiple perspectives.
Quantitative Methods
Assumptions Underlying Quantitative Methods
the researcher should remain distant and independent of what is being researched;
research is based primarily on deductive forms of logic and theories and hypotheses are
tested in a cause-effect order;
the goal is to develop generalizations that contribute to theory that enable the researcher
to predict, explain, and understand some phenomenon.
Quasi-Experiments
All the features of
experimental designs except that they involve non-randomized assignment of subjects to experimental conditions.
Surveys
Questionnaires or interviews for data collection.
Experiments
Those are characterized by random assignment of
subjects to experimental conditions and the use of experimental controls.
Qualitative Methods
Assumptions Underlying Qualitative Methods
the researcher interacts with those he studies and actively works to minimize the
distance between the researcher and those being researched;
Methods
Case Studies
explores a single entity or
phenomenon (‘the case’)
Ethnographic Studies
the researcher studies an intact
cultural group in a natural setting over a specific period of time.
Phenomenological Studies
human experiences are
examined through the detailed description of the people being studied
research is context-bound;
Why is the distinction between quantitative and qualitative research important?
It is important to be able to identify and understand the research approach.
Before going any further, stop and reflect ...
What are some examples of qualitative research that
might be proffered as evidence in court?
To what extent, if any, would your critical review of these
different types of evidence differ?
What are some examples of quantitative research that
might be proffered as evidence in court?