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Civics and Citezenship 2022 image - Coggle Diagram
Civics and Citezenship 2022 
Key Concepts
Democracy
A system of governmnet in which the people have the power to determine how they will be ruled or managed. Australia is a representative democracy (we elect representatives to make descsions)
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Democratic values
Beliefs and ideals that are held by our society as a democracy, examples include: respect, equality, fairness and freedom
Westminster system
A form of parliamentary government originating in the UK, consists of two chambers, that is elected by people to mkae laws on their behalf
Justice
Fairness for all, key principals include the right ot a fair trial, legal representation, unbiased juries and the burden of proof
Participation
being active in a democracy, examples include voting in an election or referendum, or serving in a jury
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Threats to democracy
Gerrymandering
a practice intended to establish an unfair political advantage of a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries
Media bias
Most information individuals recive is from the media, and so by manipulating the media, the votes can be manipulated
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Organised crime
Crime organised by a large group or organisation, costs the Australian economy an estimated $15 billion a year
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Australia's government
Levels of Government
Federal
Controls the entire country, manage money, immigration, defence
State
Controls a state/territory, manages public transport, schools, hospitals
Local
Control a local electorate/shire, manages rubbish collection, parks and sports fields, pet control
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Similarities and Differences (between Indonesia and Australia)
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Differences
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Voting is compulsory in Australia, is not in Indonesia
Bill has to be passed by both houses in Australia, not in Indonesia
Indonesia
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History
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Once the japanese were defeated, a small group took over the area and declared the nation of Indonesia
In 1966, the head of the military was instaled as the president and ruled with an authoritarian rule for 30 years
in 1988, the president resigned, and the nation went towards developing a more democratic system
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Safeguards to Democracy
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The right to dissent
The right to oppose or disagree with views held by the governemnt, expressing so n a public manner without fear of being persecuted
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The United Nations
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What is the UN?
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Represenatives from 50 countrie formualted the UN charter, the UN's founding document
Australia's involvement
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australia is a 'Middle power', a country with a large or moderate influence and international recognition
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It was one of the 8 countries taht contributed to the drafting of the universal declaration of human rights