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POL 201 CH 1, Key Influences on Framer's, 1.3 What Is the Nature of US…

- - - - Rejected King/God ideology....argued true basis of legit gov or popular sovereignty...authority of gov comes from the people......ppl held poli authority and leaders not govern w/o their consent........all ppl entitled to life/lib/pohappiness.....relates to pop sov that people elect leaders that support/enhance natural rights.....found in US Dec of Inde
        
        Many say Locke advocated for limited govt.....func of govt only to protect individual rights.....limited role of public policy as too much state power threatens individual liberty
- - - - Locke, ppl surrencer liberties for political freedom....freedom within certain limits by govt; ....surrender only enough of their liberty so govt can protect most fundamental rights to property including land and possessions.........property viewed as extension of person cuz property value derived from labor person put into.....Limiting prop rights taken as limiting personal freedom....if govt violated prop rights, ppl rise up and dissolve/overthrow govt cuz govt failed to protect funda right to prop.....Locke's term property defended against arbitrary exercise of power by any part of govt
- - - - Rsponse to corrupt British system......Gordon Wood reported 18th century Americans believed not possible to reform/renew the British Constitution......created own commonwealths...believed embody virtue power not through heredity....dividing power balance tendency to corruption
      - Power further divided by bicameral division of two houses.....lower chamber house of reps.....represent ppl...seen as more susceptible to corrupt cuz pple were assumed driven by irrational passions than reason.........Upper chamber...Senate......represents elite and thought driven by reason......legis chamber most susceptible to corruption would be checked by Senate
      - Ppl who owned property thought to be more skilled/talented......cuz responsible for holding up economy and common good.....yet their reps exposed to temptation of power/corruption...frequent elections help hold accountable.....US Consti memebers of US House of Reps 2 yr terms....senators 6 year terms
      - constitutional system.system follows writeen set of rules outlining core ideas about govt and structure of govt institutions.....protect liberty .......classical liberal virtue......that value could best be protected through separation of powers a republican idea
      - Constitution Preamble: suggests US is liberal while constitution mandates new nation be republican.......Article 4, section 4......US guarantee to every state in union a republican form of government.........every state have separation of powers and checks and balances. Nebraska is only unicameral legislature.
- - - - Regulation......restrict activities, limit rights for benefit or protection of others...one group bear a cost so others enjoy a benefit...this way considered zero sum cuz every winner there is a loser..........air pollution...power plants scrubbers emmision stacks....plants incur costs ppl have cleaner air even though did not pay any $
      - Distribution......polit sys provides benefits to whatever group makes request....who bears cost not clear but passed to everyone.......congress passes budget....frarmers receive millions from fed govt....banks get millions.....various other groups get something.......all payouts come from tax $$$ so all tax payers cover cost.
      - Redistribution......take from one group like in tax and give to others usually form of program.......ppl w/high incomes over $1 million pay health care for poor.....clear who bears cost.
- - - - You look for job.....neg lib means state can't stop you taking a job but pos lib means govt must provide you with job if you unable to fine one.......BOTH VIEWS captured in DOI and in promotion of general welfare