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Nutrition - Carbohydrates and Health Issues - Coggle Diagram
Nutrition - Carbohydrates and Health Issues
1. Dental Caries
Carbohydrates especially sugar promote bacterial growth
Results in the formation of plaque or the colorlress film of bacteria that sticks to teeth
Bacteria in plaque produce acids that erode tooth enamel and cause tooth decay
Sticky foods, sugary foods, frequent snacking cause tooth decay
Prevention
: Good oral hygiene - washing mouth after eating, avoiding sugary foods, brushing twice a day, flossing
2. Lactose Intolerance
Lactose or milk sugar is broken down to glucose and galactose by the enzyme lactase
People with lactose intolerance do not produce lactase enzyme
So lactose is not broken down, instead it moves to the large intestine or colon where it is broken down by bacteria producing acid and gas
This causes bloating, cramping, diarrhea 30 minutes to 3 hours after having milk
Prevention
: Use lactose free milk, lactase enzyme, avoid milk, consume small quantities of milk with solid food, cheese and curd are tolerated better
3. Obesity
Results from excess calorie intake not just sugar calories
Prevention
: Avoid high sugar-high fat foods, Eat more vegetables and fruits. Exercise more to burn calories
High sugar foods are usually high in fat and hence high in calories - eg - ice cream, sweets, cake, cookies
4. Diabetes
It is caused by
decreased production of insulin
or non-utilization of insulin
It results in excess blood sugar
Obese people are prone to diabetes
Prevention
: Eat healthy diet, keep weight under control, exercise
5. Cancer
Saccharin
the artificial sweetener is linked to
bladder cancer
in rats
Lack of dietary fibre
is linked to
colon cancer
Prevention
: Avoid saccharin, increase dietary fibre by eating fruits, vegetables and pulses
6. Hyperactivity in Children
Sugar intake has been linked to hyperactivity in children
But no study has proved this link