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Spinal Cord Injury - Coggle Diagram
Spinal Cord Injury
Subclassification of Incomplete
Anterior Cord
Spinal Artery Related
Preserved light touch, proprioception
Poor muscle recovery
Posterior cord syndrome
Rare
Loss
light touch
Proprioception
Pain
temptreture
Central Cord syndrome
Hyperextension fo cervical neck
Motor weakness more in arms than legs
Sacral sparing
Recovery sequence
lower limbs
bladder and bowels
proximalupper limbs
distal upper limbs
Cruciate Pralysis
C1/2 injury
Upper limb weakness with minimal lower limb weakness
Respiratory compromise
Brown sequard
Hemi-section
Ipsilateral
Loss of sensation
Flaccid paralysis
Vibration and proprioception
Contralateral
Loss of pain and tempreture
Cauda Equina
Injury to lumbrosacral nerve roots
Bladder and bowel dysfunction
Upper motor neuron signs in the legs
Unilateral and asymetrical sensory deficit
Knee and ankle reflexes absent
Conus medullaris
Sacral cord
Faecal and bladder incontinance
Absent ankle relexes
Knee relexes are preserved
More likely to be bilateral than cauda equina syndrome
Classification ASIA
A complete
Preserved in S4-5
B Incomplete
Preservation of sensory
C Incomplete
Preservation of Motor power <3
D Incomplete
Preservation of muscle power >3
E Normal
Shock
Neurogenic
Cardiac sympathetic nerves T2-5
Bradycardia and hypothermia
Distributive
Spinal
Flaccid areflexia
Spasticity develops over 3-6 weeks
Autonomic dysreflexia
Smpathetic reflex that is not inhibited centrally
Hypertension and reflex bradycardia
Cutaneous flushing adn sweating above the lesion
Precipitating factors
Bladder and bowel
Pressure sores
Medical intervention
Management
ATLS
C spine
MILS
A
higher risk of aspiration
Aviod suxamethonium
B
Vital capacity
Above C3 = <10%
C3-5 10-30%
ABove T8 30-80%
Below T8 Loss of abdominal muscles = 80-100%
C
Initial unoppsed sympathetic tone
Latteraly unopposed vagalt one
Atropine
Care bundles
Thromboprophalaxis
Gut protection
Nutrition
Pressure areas
Prognostic factors
Level of injury
Age
Severity