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On average, participants will record a greater increase in heart rate when…

- - - - Participants must be informed of the type of study and the reasons for conducting the research prior to agreeing to participate
        
        Informed consent was maintained through the consent forms and all participants signed consent forms with participants under 16 requiring parental permission. Information was also provided so participants to familiarise themselves with the experiment
      - For participants who are legally incapable of giving consent, the researcher must seek informed consent from who are legally responsible for their wellbeing
    - - Participants have the right to privacy
        Any details (test results, personal data) cannot be disclosed without their consent
      - Participants have the right to privacy
        
        Participants were given ID numbers to maintain anonymity
    - - Participants were given the right to withdraw at any time in case uneasy feelings developed at any point throughout the experiment.
        
        Students may have changed their minds about participating in the study and been too embarrassed to ask to withdraw
        May have kept silent to avoid being humiliated around their peers.
        
        To improve this, participants should be seated in areas with more privacy
- - - - Results can be traced back to the one independant variable
      - Experiment is easy to replicate
- - - - BPM is discrete numerical date making it easier process, graph and analyze data
      - Allows for non bias data
    - - Dependant variable is susceptible to external influence and other factors can impact heart rate
      - Since data is objective quantitative, data is non descriptive and lacks detail
  - - - Temperature, time of day, environment,
        
        Influences such as temperature and environment can impact participants' behavior. Reducing situational variables show the actual existing relationship between the independent and dependent variable
        
        The environment can impact the results of the investigation as other factors such as background noise or being in close proximity to someone may cause distractions that can impact heart rate. Time of day and temperature may cause fatigue and other feelings that can also affect heart rate due to skewed results.
      - Participant
        
        Age, mood, gender, race
        
        Inevitable but useful for representing population. Impossible to completely eliminate but can be reduced by randomly assigning participants.
  - - - All participants listened to the same music segments
        
        Ensures every participant had the same experiment, participants variables must be as limited as possible
      - Heart rate was recorded at same times (5 mins, 10 mins)
      - Amount of time audios were listened to
        
        If amount of time varied across participants, equal exposure would not be achieved leading to unreliable results
      - Same devices were used to record times (smart watches)