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Production - Coggle Diagram
Production
methods
Batch production
Batch production is a method whereby a group of identical products are produced simultaneously (rather than one at a time). It is up to the manufacturer to decide how big the batch will be, and how often these batches will be made.
Each batch goes through the separate stages of the manufacturing process together. Meaning that another batch can’t begin a stage, if the previous one is still within that part of the cycle
Examples
Newspaper, magazines, computer chips, clothing, baked goods, machine tools, condoms.
Disadvantages
Employees lose productivity as most of the work is done by the machines causing the main problem of downtime, this makes the company lose productivity in comparison to other methods of production.
Batch production is more expensive than mass production for example, this is a limitations as it creates more capital than the mass production producers creating a limitations in possible invests that may help the company (machines, employees, deals, propaganda etc.).
Batch production is one of the longest methods of production, this imitates the productivity as if they take more time producing, they are going to produce less in a certain amount of time.
It is really hard in batch production to produce the different types of batches as this production isn’t an input output machine, meaning that there are many stages that require many different things such as machines or in cases employees losing the producer money and time.
Advantages
Smaller quantities of items/more variety. Batch production provides the opportunity for businesses to make a smaller quantities of a product in order to have more varieties of goods available. This also means that items can be manufactured on request, decreasing lead times in production.
Lower costs: Because a greater quantity of products can be manufactured on a same production line, the manufacturing costs are spread across the various commodities. At the same time, machinery isn´t continually active so running costs can be reduced, and maintainance can be scheduled for downtimes.
Greater quality control: As you are able to check and test products in each and every stage of the manufacturing process, this allows for a greater control over anny issues or problems that you may find. Also, when a batch has already been distributed and you find out for a problem, you can track down the batch and bring it out of the market.
Waste production: Producing the exact amount of goods required helps minimise the overall waste, as well as having an automatic assembly line will help with the wastes.
Job production
Job production is the production of high-quality, customised products that meet customers' specific needs also involves a highly-skilled individual, a group of workers, or a company working on one task at a time.
Disadvantages
High product cost: Because as the products are been manufactured by hand, you need to cover more payments like the employees
long lead-time: Lead time is the time between the start of a process and its completion. Job production increases the lead time, as items are made by hand, meaning that to make a high quality product it will take more time
High Skilled Workers: because as the production to some product are so specific it requires some specific techniques and finding a large amount of people that can develop that technique is harder to find
Investment in machinery may be higher as specialist equipment may be needed: Because as the products that are been manufactured are very specific the machinery that will be needed will require a certain parameters that are really important for the production of some products
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Advantages
High Quality products: because as the production to some product are so specific it requires some specific techniques and the employees that are hired are able to perform this skilled technique guaranteed a good work
Flexible to change: Because as the products are manufactured each one at a time is available to customizations that the costumer asks, or to try a more efficient way of making the products, making posible the strategy of try and error
High Employees needed: Because this will create more work possibilities and opportunities for people that could work in these type of jobs
High skilled Employees: because as the production to some product are so specific it requires some specific techniques and the employees that are hired are able to perform this skilled technique guaranteed a good work
Flow production
Flow production is also known as continuous production. It enables a product to be created in a series of stages on an assembly line. It is defined by the continuous movement of items through the production process. Large numbers of the same goods are produced continuously in this production process. There is often an opportunity for a high level of automation on a flow production assembly line.
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Adavatages
Short lead-time: Lead time is the time between the start of a process and its completion. Flow production reduces the lead time, as items move along a continuous flow of automated machines.
Low inventory: With a shorter lead time, businesses can hold less inventory, which reduces inventory costs. There is also more space for production or storing finished goods.
Low labour skills needed: Since the flow production is mostly automated, businesses don't need to hire high-skill labour to operate the system.
Short transportation distances: Machines are placed close to each other, so there is less risk of breakage or damage when moving different components around.
Cheaper ordering costs: Producing mass products requires companies to order a large number of goods at a time. As a result, they can benefit from bulk purchase discounts.
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definition
production is an activity carried out under the control and responsibility of an institutional unit that uses inputs of labour, capital, and goods and services to produce outputs of goods or services.
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Productivity
Productivity is a measure of economic or business performance that indicates how efficiently people, companies, industries and whole economies convert inputs, such as labor and capital, into outputs, such as goods or services.
It is important because it’s a measure of efficiency, productivity is key to winning in a competitive marketplace. Increase your productivity and you can generate higher profits, or charge lower prices and take customers away from your competitors. On the other hand, if your productivity declines or increases more slowly than competitors, you may be unable to operate profitably or suffer from sluggish growth.
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