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gender inequality statistics (women) - Coggle Diagram
gender inequality statistics (women)
employment
The glass escalator - how men in female-dominated careers often rise higher and faster than women in male-dominated fields - several explanations to this: women more likely to experience “career interruptions,” e.g. leaving work to care for children
women make up 45% of the workforce yet low concentration of them at the top levels 9% of top company directors and 6% of high court judges (BBC News) (glass ceiling)
The current global labour force participation rate for women is just under 47% compared to 72%. for men (ILO)
1 in 4 women are in low paid and insecure work compared to 1 in 7 men (A Fair Deal for Women)
Up to 30,000 women are sacked every year for being pregnant & each year, estimated 440,000 women lose out on pay or promotion as a result of pregnancy (UK Feminista)
work + income
estimated that for each year a mother is absent from the workplace, her future wages will reduce by 5% (Low Pay Commission 2007)
22% of women, compared to 14% of men, have a persistent low income (Oxfam 2008)
Cuts to state benefits disproportionately affect women as benefits typically make up a fifth of women’s incomes, as opposed to a tenth of men’s (SE-UK Feminista)
approximately 70% of people in national minimum
wage jobs are women (UK Feminista)
health
Women are more likely to suffer eating disorders, as according to feminists such Orbach, they feel pressurized by the media which supports the ideal ‘size zero’ figure.
suicide is responsible for 71% of deaths in women (WHO)
Over a quarter (26%) of young women in the UK experience a common mental disorder, such as anxiety or depression, compared to 9.1% of young men (peopleshealthtrust.org)
71% of girls obsess about losing weight and 66% of girls are considering plastic surgery (A Fair Deal for Women)
Women spend a quarter of their lives in ill health or disability, compared to a fifth for men (peopleshealthtrust.org)
social mobility
Variations in mobility by gender and ethnicity have been noted by researchers Heath and Li (2014) with Chinese women (46.8%) were found to experience lower rates of upward mobility than Chinese men (59.6%).
women are still less likely to be upwardly mobile and more likely to be downwardly mobile than men (Li & Devine 2011)
Savage (2011) studied social mobility in the 2000s and found men were 40 per cent more likely to climb the career ladder than women
education
in over 2/3rds of countries globally, young women make up only 1/4th of students in engineering or ICT (UNESCO)
Only 49% of countries have achieved gender equality in primary education, 42% of countries in lower secondary education, and 24% in upper secondary education.
UNESCO estimates women account for 2/3rds of the 771 million adults without basic literacy skills
although preform better academically, women still experience the ‘leaky pipeline’ where there is a continual loss of women in higher level occupational areas such as STEM
poverty
According to a survey of more than 10,000 adults, 1 in 4 women will be living below the poverty line when they retire, compared to 12% of men (Prudential 2011)
mothers frequently go without food, clothing, and warmth in order to protect children (and partners) from the full impact of an inadequate income (Women's Budget group 2005)
1 in 12 women are forced to use food banks to feed their children (A Fair Deal for Women)
20% of white women suffer poverty, 38% of black women and 64% of Pakistani women (A Fair Deal for Women)