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civics and citizenship term 3 2022 - Coggle Diagram
civics and citizenship term 3 2022
justice at home and overseas (weeks 1-4)
INDONESIA
Indonesia has a Presidential Representative Democratic Republic where the President is the head of both state and government.
LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
National- led by the President.
Provincial- led by a Governor.
Cities + Regencies- led by a Mayor or Regency Chief.
Sub-districts- led by a Sub-district Head.
Urban Suburbs + Rural Villages- led by a Suburb Head or a Village Head.
STRUCTURE OF PARLIAMENT
The Indonesian parliament People's Consultative Assembly is made up of 2 sectors- the People's Representative Council and the Regional Representative Council.
The Regional Representative Council has 132 members, who are elected for 5 year fixed terms. Each member represents a province with four members representing each province.
The People's Representative Council has 560 members that are elected for 5 year fixed terms. Each member represents an electorate and each electorate returns between 3-12 members each to the Council depending on their population.
SEPARATION OF POWERS
The Indonesian government is separated into 3 sections- the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary branches.
The Executive branch then Puts the laws made by the Legislative branch into action.
The Judiciary branch makes judgements about the law.
The Legislative branch is in control of making laws.
AUSTRALIA
Australia is a Federal Parliamental Constitutional Monarchy and is a part of the Commonwealth.
LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT
State + Territory- the decision-making body of the state parliament which meets in the parliament house of each state. Each state parliament, except for the Queensland Parliament, is made up of two houses.
Local- usually called a city council or shire council. Councils are established by state governments to look after the particular needs of a city or local community.
Federal- made up of 2 houses, the House of Representatives and the Senate. People elected to the House of Representatives each represent a different electorate.
STRUCTURE OF PARLIAMENT
There are 2 sectors of the Australian National Parliament- the House of Representatives (lower house ) and the Senate (upper house)
The Senate consists of 76 Senators- 12 from each of the 6 states and 2 from each of the mainland territories.
The English monarch (currently King Charles iii) is represented by the Governor General, who is appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the government ministers
There are 151 seats in the House of Representatives, each member represents 1 of Australia's 151 electorates.
SEPARATION OF POWERS
The Australian government is separated into 3 sections- the Legislative, Executive and Judiciary branches. Separating the power held by individuals/groups like this helps to ensure that no one person or organisation hold all of (or an unfair amount) of the power and influence over the parliamentary system.
The Executive branch then outs the laws made by the Legislative branch into action.
The Judiciary branch makes judgements about the law.
The Legislative branch is in control of making laws.
democratic society (weeks 5-6)
THREATS TO AUSTRALIA'S DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
CORRUPTION
corruption is the immoral abuse of power for personal gain.
some examples of corruption include; politicians accepting bribes, extortion or embezzlement
MEDIA BIAS
in a democratic society, individuals are relied onto make informed decisions about which political party best represents their interests. when individuals make these decisions, most voters will gai their information through media, whether that media be advertisements, newspaper articles, posts on social media etc.
because of this, it is important that the media only output unbiased and impartial information.
GERRYMANDERING
a practice intended to establish an unfair political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries.
SAFEGUARDING AUSTRALIA'S DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
GOVERNMENTS UPHOLD OUR SHARED VALUES
our laws protect a range of rights that are important to our society.
these include the right to; a fair trial and freedom from torture, life, liberty and security of person.
THE RIGHT TO DISSENT
the right to oppose or disagree with the views held by the government. We can also publicly express ay disapproval in a lawful manner without fear of being censored or punished.
this right is limited to a certain extent to protect people from being harmed as a result of others making statements or accusations that are untrue or comments that are racially offensive.
PEOPLE ELECT THE GOVERNMENT
Australia's biggest safeguard to our democracy is that each of the state, territory and federal parliaments are all elected by the people to make laws on their behalf.
PROCESSES TO RESOLVE DIFFERENCES
In order to keep the peace in Australian society, processes exist to help groups or individuals resolve their problems or disputes. This can include formal legal procedures that lead to a final decision or more informal discussions between parties that lead to settling a dispute or issue.
social issue
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA
IMPORTANCE
there are a current estimated 4.7 billion users worldwide with a daily average of 2 and a half hours online each and every day.
HISTORICAL CONTEXT
social media dates back to the early 1840s
social sites began in 1997
Facebook, YouTube, myspace, twitter, snapchat began within 2004 - 2011
MENTALITY
damaging because people don't always portray the whole story
BODY IMAGE
comparing
unrealistic beauty standards
good angles, photoshop and filters
PHYSICAL HEALTH
its consuming, people spend so much time online every day.
CURRENT SOLUTIONS
screen time limits on apps
get out more often
only following the right pages.
key concepts
JUSTICE
the right to a fair trial, legal representation, unbiased juries and the burden of proof.
is different depending on the person, but can mean revenge or payback, whereas for others it could mean fairness.
PARTICIPATION
in Australia, we participate by voting, in an election or referendum, serving on a jury or paying taxes.
one of the most important ways we can participate is by voting in an election, referendum or plebiscite.
DEMOCRACY
demos meaning 'citizen' and kratos meaning 'rule'
a democracy is a system of government in which the people have the power to determine how they will be ruled or managed.
Australia has a representative democracy, which means that we elect representatives to make laws or rules on out behalf.
RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
our rights make sure that we have a say in the way our country is run and are treated fairly in the process.
in Australia, we have no official protection for our right to freedom of speech, but we do have democratic values held by our society which make sure that this privilege is rarely prevented.
DEMOCRATIC VALUES
the beliefs and values held by society as a democracy.
we can assess if a government is a true democracy by understanding democratic values and their purposes.
THE WESTMINSTER SYSTEM
a form of parliamentary government originating in Westminster, UK.
used in Australia, New Zealand and Canada.
a parliament made of two houses or chambers, elected by the people to make laws on their behalf.
every law must be passed by majority of both houses.