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Are there responsibilities that come with knowing something or knowing how…
Are there responsibilities that come with knowing something or knowing how to do something?
Significant Key Terms
Knowing: To know is to have a true justified belief. These beliefs can be acquired and justified through reason, language, sense perception, emotion, faith, intuition, imagination, and memory.
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TOK Concepts
Power: Power in the most simple terms can be defined as the ability or capability to influence individuals or the course of events. With respect to knowledge, knowledge gives the knower the necessary information and understanding to influence individuals or the course of events, thus power.
Responsibility: Responsibility is the duty one has to make ethically and morally justifiable decisions. With respect to knowledge, the knower is responsible and held accountable for how they share knowledge, and how they use knowledge in the world around them
Claims
With knowledge, the knower gains inherent power over those that do not know, by virtue of the ability to make informed and logical decisions, with which comes certain responsibilities.
Assumptions
Responsibilities do not stem from personal beliefs but an overarching definition of morality and ethical behaviour.
RLE
https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2017/10/what-facebook-did/542502/
https://qz.com/922436/facebook-says-it-can-sway-elections-after-all-for-a-price/
https://www.theguardian.com/news/2018/mar/17/cambridge-analytica-facebook-influence-us-election
(1) a spokesperson said. “We as a company are neutral—we have not and will not use our products in a way that attempts to influence how people vote.”
Facebook acknowledges their responsibility as a powerful company, with power over a country's political system (due to the immense information (knowledge) of people they have) to remain impartial or neutral during the elections.
(2) “Voting is a core value of democracy and we believe that supporting civic participation is an important contribution we can make to the community,”
Case 1: Facebook uses the knowledge and information on younger demographics, and their inherent nature to be easily influenced by social media, to increase voter turnout in younger demographics by creating a button and event which encouraged people to vote.
(3) Case 2: Millions of facebook profiles from the US are leaked and sold to multiple firms, such as consultancy firm Cambridge Analytica,
Data from millions of individuals were harvested illegally and used to create psychographic models of various types of American voters, which were used to swing election results. Firms like Cambridge Analytica and Cambridge Analytica itself have done similar things in the past before as in India in 2010.
companies with power in this situation, Facebook and Cambridge Analytica have used their power in an unethical and morally incorrect manner by using the personal information of millions of users illegally and without consent for their own personal gains, thus foregoing their responsibilities.
This example shows how a party with knowledge has immense power of most individuals, whose actions can have largse scale positive and negative consequences, which is why they have an inherent responsibility to make decisions that are morally justifiable and must be prepared to be held accountable for their actions.
https://www.npr.org/2018/03/20/595338116/what-did-cambridge-analytica-do-during-the-2016-election