Pharmacology
forms
routes
rights of med admin
verify indication for use
calculate the right dose
verify the right medication
right time (refers to expiration date)
right pt.
right route (determined through scope, use and form)
transcutaneous: absorbed through the skin
gels: through mouth
sublingual: absorbed under tongue
oral: digestive tract
gases: inhaled NRB, cannula
IO- immediate, pt unconscious, OUTSIDE SCOPE
inhalation- rapid (powder or aerosol)
IV- immediate, OUTSIDE SCOPE
PO- slow, choking for pt w/ AMS
IM- moderate, potential tissue damage
subcutaneous- slow, long-term effects
SL- rapid, choking hazard
transcutaneous- slow, long-term effects
PR- rapid, used for pt with low LOC
IN- rapid, med through MAD
medication
EpiPen: broncho/vasodilation. Contra: hypertension/hypothermia
Nitro: vasodilation (myocardial infarction). Contra: hypotension
Oral glucose: (+) BS. Contra: emesis, (-) LOC
Oxygen, for hypoxia Contra: fire hazard
OTC
acetaminophen: analgesic, fever reducer. Contra: hypersensitive
diphenhydramine: antihistamine. Contra: asthma, hypertension, pregnancy
ibuprofen: fever/analgesic. Contra: hypersensitivity
Ipratropium: MDI/bronchodilation. Contra: difficulty breathing
Aspirin. pain/fever. Contra: hypersensitive
Naloxone: opioid poisoning. Contra: hypersensitive
EMT admin.
Pt-assisted: assisting pt w/ admin of their meds
EMT-admin: direct admin of meds to a pt.
Peer-assisted: med admin to yourself or another EMT
Pharmacodynamics
Antagonist: Binds to a receptor to prevent something else from binding. (Allosteric inhibition)
Agonist: causes stimulation in receptors
Definition: process by which meds work in the body