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Terrestrial Water Stores
Harriet, Annabel, Anoushka, Terrestrial water…
Terrestrial Water Stores
Harriet, Annabel, Anoushka
Wetlands
- Areas of marsh, fen or peatland
- Water in a wetland can be either static or flowing
- These wetlands can be temporary or permanent
- A dominance of vegetation is seen [supporting both aquatic and terrestrial life]
- 0.000078% of global water
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Largest wetland
Across 3 countries - Bolivia, Brazil ,Paraguay
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- Water covers the soil and is present consistently all year
- Level of water saturation can determine the development of the soil
- Wetlands are most often found in the 'polar regions of the tropics'
35% loss of wetlands globally since 1970 [the most threatened ecosystem] however they absorb carbon up to 55x faster than tropical rainforests
Lakes
Collections of fresh water found in hallows on the land surface. They are generally deemed a lake if they are greater than 2 hectares in area [below is a pond]
- 0.00627% of global water
- Residence time of 10years
- Make up majority of fresh water and often lie in the Northern Hemisphere at higher latitudes
- The freshwater becomes more saline in the south where there are fewer rivers flowing into it
Inputs and outputs between lakes evaporation transpiration precipitation fog drip dew or near vegetation that can feed directly into the lake
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Rivers
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River, source, tributary, confluence to the mouth, all gradually increase in storage capacity/water volume
- Residence time: 2 weeks
- state of water: liquid [however due to outputs water surrounding the river is often in gaseous or water vapour form due to high temp]
Largest River
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209,000m3/s [greater than the next 7 rivers combined]
Soil Water
Soil water can be held in associated with air in unsaturated superficial layers of the earth, it is a key variable in controlling exchange of heat and water between land and atmosphere through evaporation and evapotranspiration; aiding precipitation
Key statistics
- Residence time: 2 weeks-1 year
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- State of water: Gas and Liquid
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Ground Water
Water that collects underground [in rock pore spaces] this water culminates in saturated areas beneath the surface of the land
Ground water aids the flow of our rivers and its largest use is for crop irrigation and agricultural purposes. As a result of this it is in rapid decline
Residence time is anywhere from 2weeks to 10,000 years
Biological water
- Exists in plants and animals
- Based in the lithosphere [outer section of the earth including the mantle
- Water is taken up by plants providing a reservoir of water that enables us to keep climates stable
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- Residence time: 1 week
- Size of store 0.000078%
- State of water: Gas and liquid
Terrestrial water store -
Terrestrial water storage can be defined as the summation of all water on the land surface and in the subsurface