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How to Detemine the Best Commericially Avaliable Bottled Drinking Water by…
How to Detemine the Best Commericially Avaliable Bottled Drinking Water by Titration
Taste (pH)
Acidic
Advantages: hydration, improves skin health, detoxifying properties, weight loss, cancer resistance
Disadvantages: could be fatal or debilitating for children, can cause diarrhea, vomiting, kidney failure/diseases, liver disease, stomach cramps, and nausea
Alkaline
Advantages: contains major minerals (calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium), improves bone health, soothes acid reflux, reduces high blood pressure, blood sugar and cholesterol, enhances hydration, increases longevity
Disadvantages: can worsen prior kidney conditions, impaired digestion, leads to having dry and itchy skin
Recommended
between pH 6.5 - 8.5
Personal experience
Best
Better
Minerals: Sodium, Magnesium, Potassium, Calcium
Contaminates
Physical
Rocks, organic matter
Chemical
Metals
Biological
Virus/Bacteria
Aesthetics (Branding/Looks)
Colouration
Blue plastics for placebo (blue water)
Different colours for flavoured water
Font
Easy to read
Consistent spelling
Different fonts for each type of water
Cursive (sparkling water)
Bold font (purified)
Packaging Material
Sustainability
Recycle
Reuse
Renewable resources
Glass
Plastic
Brands
Mount Franklin
Fiji
Voss
San Pellegrino
Vidae
Frantelle
Cool Ridge
Limitations
Cost
Cheap (everyday)
Premium price (advertised as premium quality)
Demand
High (good sales)
Low (bad sales)
Avaliability
Manufacturing time
Types of Water
Water hardness
Soft water (water without metallic salts eg. magnesium, iron or calcium)
Disadvantages: increases personal sodium levels, leading to health risks (heart based problems). It is usually used for washing clothes and is not appropriate for human consumption
Hard water (water with high concentration of minerals eg. magnesium carbonate)
Advantages: encourages protection of heart and bones, due to the many minerals and nutrients present. it prevents osteoporosis. on average, hard water tastes better than soft water
Disadvantages: significant factor of causing cardiovascular problems, diabetes (type 2), failure of reproductive organs, neural diseases and renal dysfunctions
Tap water
Limitation: accidental mess up from the company
Purified water
Spring water
Still water
Limitations
Avaliability of specific types of water, the 'best' might not be avaiiable
Not as chemically precise as advertised (systematic error) the pH might be slightly different than advertised, found through testing
Titration Process
Acid-Base Titration: determining the concentrations of either acids or bases through the process of neutralisation with either an acid or base of known concentration
Redox Titration: the chemical reaction takes place with a transfer of electrons in the reacting ions of aqueous solutions, there are three sub-types of titration (permanganate, dichromate and iodimetric/iodometric)
Precipatation Titration: insoluable precipatate formation as two reacting substances come into contact
Complexometric Titration: the undissociated complex is formed at an equivalence point, there will be no co-precipatations
Apparatus
Volumetric Flask
Volumetric Pipette
Volumetric Burette
Limitations
Error
Random
Systematic
Human
Acid Base Reactions cannot occur if the reactants are acid-acid or base-base, therefore the bottled water should be acidic or basic depending on whether the standard solution is acidic or basic