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Organisation - Coggle Diagram
Organisation
enzymes
An enzyme is a biological catalyst, (a protein molecule), that speeds up a rate of reaction without being used up in the process
Key Words:
:pencil2: substrate= what needs to be broken down
:pencil2: active site= acts as the enzyme to break that the substrate
:pencil2: the active site and substrate need to be complementary for the reaction to take place
:pencil2: complementary= things that for perfectly into each other
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THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:
:silhouette: oesophagus= this tube carries food from mouth to stomach
:silhouette: stomach= this is a bag of muscle. it breaks down food mechanically. it also mixes acid enzymes with food
:silhouette: small intestine= digestion by enzymes ends here. small food molecules are absorbed into the bloodstream
:silhouette: liver= food does not pass through this organ but bile is released form here. this breaks up fat into smaller droplets
:silhouette: large intestine= water is squeezed through the walls of this organ as undigested food passes through
:silhouette: rectum and anus= undigested food is held here then passes out of the body through here
:silhouette:mouth= chews food and mixes it with saliva which contains enzymes
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Circulatory system
THE LUNGS
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:checkered_flag: oxygen diffuses from the alveoli to the blood
:checkered_flag: oxygen moves from a high to a low concentration
:checkered_flag: oxygen moves down the concentration gradient
:black_flag: carbon dioxide diffuses form the blood to the alveoli
:black_flag: carbon dioxide moves form a high to a low concentration
:black_flag: carbon dioxide moves down the concentration gradient
FEATURES OF THE ALVEOLI=
- the walls of the alveoli are folded
- this gives the alveoli a large surface area
- this increases the rate of diffusion
- the walls of the alveoli are very thin
- this results in a short diffusion pathway
- this increases rate of diffusion
- the alveoli have good blood supply
- this maintains steep concentration gradient
- this increases the rate of diffusion
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THE HEART
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How does blood move around the heart? (EXAM-STYLE QUESTION)
the deoxygenated blood starts from the body hwere it travels to the vena cava tube which it passes through the right artium to the right ventrivale, fom there the deoxygenated blood comes out the pumary artery to the lungs. The deoxygenated blood becomes oxygenated once pumped through the lungs, before going back into the pulmonary veins then down the left atrium to the left ventricale before traveling back out of the aorta tube to the rest of the body as oxygenated blood -(ME)
- valve = sepeartes atriums and ventrivals preventing blood from flowing backwards
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Cell Organisation
Cells: the first building blocks of life
tissue: lots of cells working together
Organ: similar tissues working together to preform a role (e.g. heart)
organ system: organs working together to preform a function (e.g. digestive system)
organism: many organ systems working to geether to keep Something or someone alive (e.g. human)
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