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Types of Assessment, Assessment of learning,for learning, as learning -…

- - - - Questions that teachers pose to individual students and groups during the learning process to determine what specific concepts or skills they may be having trouble with. A wide variety of intentional questioning strategies may be employed, such as phrasing questions in specific ways to elicit more useful responses.
      - Specific, detailed, and constructive feedback that teachers provide on student work, such as journal entries, essays, worksheets, research papers, projects, ungraded quizzes, lab results, or works of art, design, and performance. The feedback may be used to revise or improve a work product, for example.
      - “Exit Tickets” that quickly collect student responses to a teacher’s questions at the end of a lesson or class period. Based on what the responses indicate, the teacher can then modify the next lesson to address concepts that students have failed to comprehend or skills they may be struggling with.
      - Self-assessments that ask students to think about their own learning process, to reflect on what they do well or struggle with, and to articulate what they have learned or still need to learn to meet course expectations or learning standards.
      - Peer assessments that allow students to use one another as learning resources.
      - (https://www.edglossary.org/formative-assessment/)
  - - - ASSISTment – a free online math platform which teacher can use to assign assignments from their curriculum. (https://new.assistments.org)
      - EdPuzzle – turn videos into an assessment, here you can insert quizzes at any point in the video to track your students progress. (https://edpuzzle.com)
      - Edulastic – It’s an assessment dashboard, that teachers can use to create and track assessments.
      - Explain Everything – it’s an online whiteboard program that can be used on any device, students can create video summaries and present their ideas and what they know about a topic. (https://edulastic.com)
      - Flip (Flipgrid) – A video discussion platform, which we’re already familiar with. (https://info.flip.com)
      - Gimkit – Similar to Kahoot, it’s a quiz-based platform teachers and students can use. (https://www.gimkit.com)
      - Google Classroom Question Tool – The teacher can create a question and the students provide answers. (https://sites.google.com/a/staff.lisd.net/digitalcrawford/google-apps-for-education/google-classroom/ask-a-question)
      - Go Formative – a free online assessment tool , teachers can use pre-made assessments and edit it to their needs and can track their student’s progress. (https://www.formative.com)
      - InsertLearning – This allows you to turn any webpage into an interactive lesson. (https://insertlearning.com)
      - Jamboard – another whiteboard application! (https://jamboard.google.com)
      - KaHoot! – a quiz-based learning platform (https://kahoot.com)
      - MentiMeter – interactive presentation tool that allows you to poll your students and check their understanding, or even ask students to vote. (https://menti.com)
      - Mote – is an application that allows you to improve formative assessment feedback with a voice recording tool. (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/mote-voice-notes-feedback/ajphlblkfpppdpkgokiejbjfohfohhmk)
- - - - "Summative assessments are often high stakes, which means that they have a high point value."
        
        Examples: end of semester test, a paper, or culminating project.
        
        Source: https://www.cmu.edu/teaching/assessment/basics/formative-summative.html
    - - To ensure learning goals are being met.
        
        To alter future lessons based upon the numerical score of summative assessments.
        
        To determine which students need more help and who isn't being challenged enough.
        
        To evaluate overall big-picture progress.
        
        Motivates students to study.
      - Summative assessment tools:
        
        Typically, it's done as an end of semester / unit pen and paper style test.
        
        For foreign language test, typically it'll involve sitting down with the teacher and conversing in the foreign language in addition to a paper test.
        
        Any sort of quiz / survey tool could be used so long as it's not anonymous, such as Kahoot.
        
        Sometimes study guides are made in preparation for summative assessment test.
- - - - Diagnostic Assessment is used to gauge the students' levels, any learning gaps or to assess any strengths and weaknesses they might have. It helps inform the teacher's lesson planning, learning objectives and differentiate instructions on areas that students may need to focus more or less time on.
        Diagnostic Assessment can be "for" learning and "as" learning because this type of evaluation helps assess what students have learned and how well they grasped previous concepts. At the same time, it also helps teachers collect data to identify areas for future instructions.
      - Types of Diagnostic Assessment
        
        Informal Diagnostic Assessment
        An informal diagnostic assessment happens spontaneously before a new learning experience begins. The teacher can ask students to share what they know about a specific subject. They can also complete a survey or simple checklist to gather information.
        Informal Diagnostic Assesment is useful because it's fast and teachers can collect data of students swiftly as they go.
        
        Standardized Diagnostic Assessment
        A standardized diagnostic assessment uses well-defined testing methods to evaluate a student’s knowledge, and identify any existing gaps. It provides a more in-depth analysis of a student’s learning weaknesses and strengths.
        Typically, standardized diagnostic assessments happen after the informal assessments. They apply a standardized method like curriculum-based testing to determine a student’s knowledge level of a specific standard.
        
        Examples of Diagnostic Assessment
        
        Survey and Questionnaire: a common method to collect information and data efficiently and swiftly.
        
        Unit Pretest: non-graded assessment tool to assess students' knowledge on core concept skills. It can include varieties of questions like fill-in-the-blank, multiple choice and open-eded questions.
        
        Checklists: A simple tool outlines specific assessment criteria. Teachers score each student based on the different criteria on the list. Checklists can be collaborative for teachers and students equally. They analyze the results and use this to gauge the student’s level of knowledge of the subject matter. It can also be used as a self-evaluation.
        Using checklists as an assessment helps streamline the evaluation process and focus on the most important criteria.
        
        Entry Slips: Teacher hands out entry slips to with a few questions. Students write down their responses and return the slips. Teacher reviews and evaluates the responses. Then, they can make necessary changes to the curriculum.
        
        KWL: Graphic organizer chart (Know/ Want-to-Know/ Learned) to help the teacher assess and and activate students' prior knowledge on the subject.
        
        Advantages & Disadvantages
        
        Advantages
        
        Help teacher and students identify any knowledge gaps
        
        Teacher can set specific goals and learning objectives.
        
        Diagnostic Assessment can help create a more effective curriculum to improve learning outcomes
        
        Teacher can map out and differentiate lesson plans
        
        It can help create a baseline of progress for future assessments.
        
        Disadvantages
        
        It is not easy to conduct a diagnostic assessment with a large class size (collecting data, analyze, draw conclusions).
        
        The process is time-consuming
        
        It can trigger anxiety for students and lead to false inferences on their knowledge/ abilities in class.
        
        Teacher need to have special training and be committed to the evaluation process if they want to reach accurate results from the assessment.
        
        Assessment Tech Tools
        
        FormPlus
        Teachers can use FormPlus to create surveys, questionnaires and polls to collect students' data. Although it's an online platform, students can still participate in these assessment even without internet connections. The responses are updated in real time for immediate analysis. Teachers can also create charts and track performances based on data they have collected from the forms.
        
        GoSoapBox
        GoSoapBox is a web-based clicker tool to keep students engaged while teachers can receive real-time responses to assess their knowledge. It has many different features, such as Confusion Barometer to let students indicate their understanding on a topic, or Social Q&A where students can vote for the top questions/ topics that they would be most interested in learning about. Teachers can also create quizzes on the site and a grade report with answers explainations can be downloaded for both teachers and students afterwards.
        
        Socrative
        A formative assessment tool allows teachers to design interactive quizzes. Teachers can add varieties of questions such as Multiple Choice, True/False or Short Answer questions. Results and feedback are updated in real time and the quiz can be timed or self-paced. Socrative also has fun features like Space Race, a gamification of group quiz for students.
        
        PollEverywhere
        A form of rapid-fire assessment. Teachers can use this as a formal quizzing platform, or they can gather anonymous data from students that can help inform grouping and analyze who might need extra support or an extra challenge.
        
        PearDeck
        PearDeck has a feature of Add-on in Google Slides and Microsoft to create more interactive assessment during your slides presentations. It has a library of templates to support all learning objectives found at the beginning, middle, and end of a class. PearDeck has built-in features like bell ringers, checks for understanding, exit tickets, and more. You can also customize question formats and add audio to your slides to make it more interactive.
        
        Spiral
        A 4-in-1 app for distance learning. Spiral has the function of QuickFire for assessment in real time. Teachers can design different activities in QuickFire, such as Verbal Answering for quick responses from students (informal assessment) or a planned out quiz with different questions formats
        
        Edulastic
        Edulastic is a great platform for assessment resources. It has many assessment templates that are relevant to state standards and created by well-known publishers. The results and feedback are in real time to help teachers analyze and differentiate their instructions as they collect the results. Teachers can also see different assessments from different schools in the district and use them as benchmarks to evaluate their own students.
- - - - reflects a view of learning in which assessment helps students learn better, rather than just achieve a better mark
      - involves formal and informal assessment activities as part of learning and to inform the planning of future learning
      - includes clear goals for the learning activity
      - provides effective feedback that motivates the learner and can lead to improvement
      - reflects a belief that all students can improve
      - encourages self-assessment and peer assessment as part of the regular classroom routines
      - involves teachers, students and parents reflecting on evidence
      - is inclusive of all learners.
      - Emphasis:Feedback, support, and collaboration
  - - - encourages students to take responsibility for their own learning
      - requires students to ask questions about their learning
      - involves teachers and students creating learning goals to encourage growth and development
      - provides ways for students to use formal and informal feedback and self-assessment to help them understand the next steps in learning
      - encourages peer assessment, self-assessment and reflection.
      - Emphasis:Collaboration, reflection, and self-evaluation
  - - - is used to plan future learning goals and pathways for students
        
        provides evidence of achievement to the wider community, including parents, educators, the students themselves and outside groups
        
        provides a transparent interpretation across all audiences.
        
        Emphasis:Scoring, grades, and competition
- - - - (https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/what-is-performance-assessment/2019/02)
  - - - (https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/career-development/performance-assessment)