Types of Carbohydrates - 1
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Oligosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Simple sugars
eg - Glucose, Fructose, Galactose
Made of two monosaccharides
eg - Maltose, Sucrose, Lactose
Made of 3 to 10 monosaccharides
eg - Raffinose, Stachyose
Made of long chains of monosaccharides
eg - Starch, Glycogen, Dietary fiber, Dextrin
Glucose: Also called blood sugar or dextrose
It serves as energy source for the body
Most of the carbohydrates we eat are converted to glucose in the body
Prepared commercially as “Corn Syrup”
Fructose - also called as “Fruit Sugar”
Sweetest natural sugar
Found in many fruits and honey
Galactose - Obtained from the breakdown of the disaccharide Lactose
Does not occur alone in nature
Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose
Also known as Cane sugar/Table sugar
Made from sugar cane, sugar beet
Maltose = Glucose + Glucose
Also called Malt Sugar
Produced by the fermentation of grains
Present in malted drinks, breakfast cereals, malt whiskey etc
Lactose = Glucose + Galactose
Commonly called milk sugar
Low level of sweetness
Glucose is the only source of energy for brain and central nervous system