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Unit 5: - Coggle Diagram

- - - - IPv4: 32 bits written as 4 groups of 8 bits: 212.23.99.11
      - IPv6: 128 bits written as 8 groups of 16 bits: A8FB:7A88:FFF0:0FFF:3D21:2085:66FB:F0FA
        
        Advantages of IPv6 over IPv4:
        
        removes the risk of IP address collisions
        
        has built-in authentication check
        
        allows for more efficient packets route
- - - - Make uses of transmission protocols (TCP) and Internet protocols (IP)
      - Worldwide collection of interconnected networks.
    - - Part of the internet that can be accessed using the web browser.
      - Massive collections of webpages.
      - Based on hypertext transfer protocol (http and https)
    - - URLs
        
        A URL has three main components: the protocol, the domain name and the
        web page or file name.
        
        Uniform
        resource locators (URLs) are text addresses used to access websites
        
        More detail on textbook (URL page)
        
        How the URL is converted into IP address?
        
        DNS looks up/finds to IP in its database
        
        • DNS returns IP
        
        • IF not found, DNS sends to higher level DNS
        
        DNS looks up/finds to IP in its database
      - http and https
        
        Hypertext transfer protocol (http) is a set of rules that must be obeyed when
        transferring files across the internet
        
        When some form of security (for example, SSL or TLS) is used, then this changes to https (you will often see the green padlock in the status bar as well)
      - Web pages
        
        Web browsers are software that allow users to access and display web pages on
        their device screens.
        
        Browsers interpret (translate) the
        HTML from websites and show the result of the translation (Web pages are created using HTML)
        
        Purpose
        
        they have a home page
        
        » they store a user’s favourite websites/web pages (referred to as
        
        bookmarks)
        
        » they keep a history of websites visited by the user (user history)
        
        » they have the ability to allow the user to navigate forwards and backwards through websites/web pages already opened
        
        » many web pages can be open at the same time by using multiple tabs
        
        » they make use of cookies (see Section 5.1.6)
        
        » they make use of hyperlinks that allow navigation between websites and web pages
  - - - Storing your username and password for accounts such as your social
      - media.
      - • Storing your bank card details for buying products and services online.
      - • Storing products in a virtual shopping cart when you are buying multiple products from an online company. It can also save the items in your cart so that you can buy them at a later date if you don’t want to buy them now.
    - - Stores temporarily files in temporary memory
      - Are lost every time we close down the computer
      - An example of this are online shoppings
      - Does not necessarily stores user information and track user identity.
    - - Permanent files that are stored into the hard drive of the computer
      - Only can be deleted when we manually delete them, or they expired.
      - Summary of uses: 5.16 Cookies.