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Chemistry & Matter - Coggle Diagram
Chemistry & Matter
Chemistry
Science that studies the composition (atoms, molecules), the properties (density, hardness) and the interactions (everything about chemical reactions) between substances.
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass is matter
Matter can be classified into two categories
Pure substances
Constant composition and distinct chemical properties. They can be:
Elements
Fundamental substance; cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical methods.
For example: O, H, Fe, S
Compounds
Substance composed of two or more elements in fixed proportions; can be separated substances and elements only by chemical methods.
For example: Hydrides
Mixtures
It consists of two or more pure substances that retain their individual identities and can be separated by physical methods. They can be:
Homogeneous
A solution
For example: Apple juice
Heterogeneous
Clloids: you can't see the separation even though is there.
For example: Sandwich
Suspensions: you can see the separation.
States of matter
Solid
Definite shape and volume
All particles are very close together
For example: Ice
Liquid
Indefinite shape and definite volume
Particles are not very close together
For example: water
Gas
Indefinite shape and volume
Particles are very far apart and they move freely
For example: Air
Plasma
No definite shape or volume
For example: Sun
Energy
Capacity to do work or create heat
Work: force that makes something to move.
Heat: transfer of energy by thermal reactions
Matter properties
Physical
Depends on the quantity
Length, mass, volume, shape, surface area
Chemical
Don't depend on quantity
Color, smell, texture, density, hardness, viscosity, luster, Melting, Boiling and Freezing point.