Ancient Civilizations
Mesopotamia
Location: The author wrote " Most of ancient Mesopotamia lay within borders of modern Iraq." Also, Mesopotamia included portions of the countries of Turkey, Syria and, Iran. ( Steele 6)
Writing: The text said " Over the centuries the marks developed into a script that represented sound as well as meaning archeologist called this cuneiform." Also when they first started writing the used pictures to symbolize many things such as cattle, grain,and fish.
(Steele 12)
Architecture: In the text it said it said " That ziggurats were a symbol of Mesopotamia. Also Ziggurats were like mountains reaching to heaven'' claimed the mesopotamians.
(Steele 24)
Religion: In the text it said " They believed that the stars travelling across the night sky were the cows of Sin or Nanna, the horned moon god." Also the Assyrians believe they were protected by the god Mullissu and her husband Ashur. (Steele 14)
Government: The author wrote "City-state rulers were honored with various titles." Also the rulers called the sumerians rulers loved the fame and power they had.
(Steele 10)
Art: The author wrote " The mesopotamians mastered many technologies and crafts at an early point in their history." Also IN the millenium times mesopotamians were building clay pots. (Steele 28)
Ancient Egypt
art: On page 56 it said, "Between the Nile and the Red Sea coast yielded large quantities of this precious metal." Also FRom stone to emeralds and diamonds and rubies the egyptians had no knowledge of these jules." (Hart 56)
Architecture: In the text it says "The first pyramid was built at the burial place of KIng Djoser in c. 2650 BCE, by his gifted architect Imhotep." Also the pyramid built for Khufu is the largest pyramid in Giza.
(Hart 20)
Religion: On page 24 it said, "The egyptians worshiped hundreds of difficult gods and goddesses. Also egypt had many many gods and most of them were represented by an animal. (Hart 9)
Location: On page 8 it said " The ancient Egyptians lived on a strip of land on either sides of the Nile." Also, the text states that in the "Red land",small settlements are supported in wadis and oases, but most people live along the Nile river. (Hart 8)
writing: On page 34 it said, "Scribes had to be experts in writing hieroglyphs, an elaborate form of picture-writing with about 700 different signs." Also, scribes used different forms of writing for letters, contracts, business, and stories.
(Hart 34)
Government In the text it says, "Beyond this hall was the "Hall of Gold", where the king would be buried." Also in the text it says " when he dies he would be surrounded by very expensive jewelry and furniture. (Hart 22)
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Ancient China
government: On page 18, it said Gaozu helped one of the low class armies to beat and overthrow the Qin dynasty. In later dynasties, a bunch of examinations happened and they successful people from their communities and transferred them to an imperial place. Also in the text it said "the members you passed the top restrictions and went into palace and got accepted to be appointed as minister or get married and princesses. (Cotterell)
location: On page 40 it said, people in imperial china worked on farms on the countryside. Also it said "Most farm jobs were carried out by hand, from hoeing the ground to spreading manure." Also, in the northern part of china where the hills are, crops were planted. (Cotterell)
trade: On page 58 it said, Under the mongol or Yuan dynasty trade flourished. It also said "They controlled the entire length of the Silk Road, a series of trade routes that led from Northern China across Asia." Another statement was the chinese merchants made profit from what was traded to be sold. (Cottrell)
technology: On page 22 it said, The world's greatest inventions in inventions were mainly from China. Also it said "Other Chinese inventions that made the world a different place were paper
money,clockwork,silk,porcelain,fireworks,kites,umbrellas, and the wheelbarrow." Lastly the text said the silk road that connected from China to Europe helped carry many of the Chinese inventions. (Cotterell)
art: On page 56 it said, in China luxury goods formed the major export commodities, such as Chinese jade, silk, lacquer ,and porcelain were very important at the time. Also it said "They produced tools for agriculture and weapons for the army as well as luxury items such as decorated tableware and fine silk cloth." After the scholars and the low class farmers artisans were favored and called the most important group in society. (Cotterell)
writing: On page 11, it said that the people believed with the oracle bone cracked it was a message from their ancestors. The oracle bone was a tortoise shell or ox bone. Also, it states that " cracks were then read to discover the answer to the question put to the ancestors." (Cotterell)
religion: On page 12, it said Confucius thought at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty was golden years of social harmony. The more and more turmoil led to confucius having new outlooks on things. Also it stated " Confucius encouraged ancestor worship because it strengthened family loyalties. (Cotterell)
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Indus Valley River/Aryans
Government: In the text it said they were ruled by a warrior chief called Raja. They had a caste system made up of 4 social classes. People were dived amongst the groups based off their wealth and occupation. (Prentice Hall: Social Studies)
architecture/technology: In the text it said they were very advanced for their time because they were very cautious of sanitation and cleanliness. Also, they were very good at building and they showed impressive techniques when trying to protect themselves. The Aryans were very well planned people and constructed very much ahead of their time. (Prentice Hall: Social Studies)
location: In the text it says that in a matter of time many people settled along the banks of the Indus Valley River and built settlements. I also know in the early 1900s archaeologists discovered 4,000 year old cities that were developed in the time of egyptians and mesopotamians. The region was very ideal for agriculture as the Valley was rich in fertile soil. (Prentice Hall: World Studies)
writing: In the text it said their writing was the most confusing and it has not been deciphered. Also they put their writing on things such as seals pots and other materials. Since we have lack of information no scientist has been able to gain a real insight on how they lived. (Prentice Hall: Social Studies)
religion: In the text it said Their religion was Brahmanism that later developed into Hinduism. Both religions ended up having the same/ similar ritual. They used Vedas as religious text. (Prentice Hall: Social Studies)