Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Unit Two: Ancient Civilizations - Coggle Diagram
Unit Two: Ancient Civilizations
Mesopotamia
Location: In the text it said that "the ancient greeks called it Mesopotamia, meaning between the rivers." Mesopotamia is now the locations of modern day Iraq. (Steele 6)
Writing: On page 12 it tells us how they wrote. They used to write on clay tablets. They would use a wood stick to write symbols that have different meanings. They would use these different symbols to communicate with others(Steele)
Architecture: On page 24 the author said that there is a lasting symbol of architecture. The Ziggurats. In the text the author says "A lasting symbol of ancient Mesopotamia is the Ziggurat." The word ziqquratu is Assyrian, it means height. Therefore they named the ziggurats based off of the Assyrian word ziqquratu. (Steele)
Religion: On page 14, it said that "The sumerians worshipped many gods and goddesses." Therefore the Sumerians are polytheistic.
Government: On page 10 the Sumerians said that "Name for their territory, Ki-en-gir, may have meant Land of the civilized lords. They believed that as rulers they should follow after what the gods do. Therefore their governments were fully based on religious beliefs. (Steele)
Art: On page 28 it said that "The Mesopotamians Mastered many technologies and crafts at an early point in their history. They were molding clay into simple pots by the eight millennium BCE." The author is saying that they were making art for a pretty long time. Their version of art was in many different things. Also on page 28 it said that they invented the potter's wheel. They used this wheel to make pottery and make it faster. Therefore the author is saying that they make art by making things like pottery, jewelry, etc. (Steele)
Ancient Egypt
Location: On page 8 it said that since desert covered 90 percent of Egypt, people lived on the banks of the Nile River.
Also, in the text it said that "when the Nile water subsided, the farmers went to work sowing barely and emmer wheat."(Hart)
Writing: On page 34 it said that "Scribes had to be experts in writing hieroglyphs, an elaborate form of picture-writing with about 700 different signs." The author is saying that the Ancient Egyptians used hieroglyphs to communicate or write. Also on page 34 it said that hieroglyphs were seen all over ancient egypt! They were n state monuments,temples,tombs,and religious papyri! (Hart)
Architecture: On page 22 it said that "The first pyramid was built as a burial place of the King Djoser in c. 2650 BCE, by his gifted architect Imhotep." The author was saying that the pyramids were an important place back in Egypt. In the text it said that pyramids were built to protect the bodies of the pharaohs. (Hart)
Religion: On page 24 it said that "The Egyptians worshiped hundreds of different gods and goddesses." This means that they were polytheistic. The text said that a lot of the gods could change form. Therefore one god could transform into multiple other gods. (Hart)
Government: On page 10 it said that "The king was not only the most powerful and important man in Egypt-he was thought to be a god. He was known as the Pharaoh." The author is saying that they had a King government, meaning the king was in control of everything and everyone had to worship him. Another piece of evidence that is also on page 10 is that it wasn't just a king. The king also had a wife. The queen. The king was known as a god and the queen was known as a goddess. (Hart)
Art: On page 58 the text said that "The Egyptians were lovers of beauty and fashion." The Author is trying to say that the Egyptians liked beauty. The text also says that they used to wear a lot of jewelry if they could afford it. Jewelry is a piece of art. (Hart)
Ancient China
Government : On page 6 the text states that the social structure of China was very important in maintaining the national stability. The author stated "The civil service established by the first Han emperor helped successive dynasties govern the huge population wisely and effectively." In summary the great thinkers (such as Confucius) and philosophers resulted in the people to be able to lead a family-centered way of life. (Cotterell)
Art: In the text it said that the Chinese were known for their extremely beautiful art pieces, therefore they were widely known for their arts. The author states that not only did they produce art but "they produced tools for agriculture and weapons for the army as well as luxury items such as decorated tableware and fine silk cloth." In short China was widely known for making some of the most beautiful art pieces, and even some of the most useful agricultural tools and army weapons. (Cotterell pg 56)
Religion: In the text it said that Confucius believed that society was going down or downhill, because of this belief he decided to create a now moral outlook that was based on kindness and respect which was the base of his religion. The author said, "He said that a good ruler should set an example by dealing fairly with his subjects, using force only as a last resort. Confucius created one of the first chinese religions known as confucianism. Finally, the author explained that Confucius' religion was mainly for a stronger family bond which will create a better community. (Cotterell pg 12)
Technology:On page 22 it said that "throughout imperial history, emperors encouraged the development of science and technology." In the text it stated that most of the Chinese inventions were brought along the silk road to Europe, some of the inventions had a very large impact. To sum it all up, the Chinese inventions made the world a different place. (Cotterell)
Writing: On page 11, it said that they
"used oracle bones to consult the ancestral spirits on important matter." Also,answers from important questions were answered from the cracks on the oracle bones. The oracle bones were inscribed on ox bones and tortoiseshell. (Cotterell)
Location:On page 58 it said that because the empire was so large that it made international trade thrive. In the text it said that "they controlled the entire length of the silk road, a series of trade routes, that ran from northern China across asia." In summary, the length of the silk road was their whole empire/location. (Cotterell)
Commerce (trade): The author stated that "trade flourished under the mongol, or Yuan dynasty." In the text it said that during the Yuan dynasty the Mongols were "in charge" or were the emperors, therefore they were in charge of the entire silk road. The silk road was a series of trade routes that went from northern china across asia. In conclusion, the Mongols were part of one of the most trade wealthiest dynasties. (Cotterell pg 58)
Indus river valley
Location: In the text it said "Over time, a vast number of settlements were built on the banks of the Indus River and surrounding areas" Also the text stated that the Indus River valley has rich soil, which is perfect for farm/agriculture. Finally, the river covers most of Pakistan. (Prentice Hall: World Studies)
Writing: In the text it states that " Over 400 symbols have been uncovered from different locations." Another thing stated in the text is that most of the writing is found on ceramic bowls, plate, and seals. The text said that since the lack of interpretable words/letters means that we are unable to know exactly what the words mean. (Prentice Hall:World Studies)
Architecture/tech: In the text it said that "The people within the Indus Valley created well-planned cities." The website said that almost all of the people in the Indus River Valley cared a lot about hygiene. The test stated that this time was very advanced (Prentice Hall: World Studies)
Religion: In the text it says that "The religion of the ancient Aryans, known as Brahmanism, was polytheistic and heavily influenced the later development of Hinduism." The text states that their sacred writing was called the Vedas. I know this because the text said that "sacred writing called the Vedas. The Vedas are mostly religious texts" (Prentice Hall: World Studies)
Government: The text states that "Aryan influence on modern-day India was the development of the caste system." In the text it stated that the Caste System was a social group. The author wrote that the caste system was split into four social classes. (Prentice Hall: World Studies)
