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Unit Two: Ancient Civilizations - Coggle Diagram
Unit Two: Ancient Civilizations
Mesopotamia
Location: In the text it said that " the ancient Greeks called Mesopotamia, meaning between the rivers." Mesopotamia is now modern day Iraq.(Steele 6)
Writing: In the text it said " Early people who lived as hunters and nomads didn't read written records." When the first cities started to populate people began to require records of ownership, business, deals and government.(Steele 12)
Architecture:On page 24 it said " like the ancient pyramids of Central America, ziggurats formed part of sacred precincts, which were thought to be the earthy dwelling places of the gods."The ziggurats themselves had small temples or stairways. (Steele 24)
Government: On page 40 in says "The Assyrians had few resources and little fertile land of there own, so they set out to conquer land of their own."The Assyrians were destroyed and new land destroyed the other new land so they made a huge empire. (Steele 40)
Religion:On page 14 "they believed that stars traveling across the night sky were the cows of Sin or Nanna, the horned Moon god." Each city had their own deity. (Steele 14)
Art: In the text it said "However, to the rulers in their walled cities on the plains,hunting became more of a ritual, designed to show off the king's bravery, superiority, and the favor he found with the gods." The animals used in these ritual hunts had to be worthy opponents. (Steele 44)
Ancient Egypt
Location: On page 8 it said that since desert covered 90 percent of Egypt, people lived on the banks of the Nile river. Also in the text it said that " when the Nile water subsided, the farmers went to work sowing barley famers and emmer wheat.(Hart 8)
Writing: In the text it said "Hieroglyphs were used to state on state monuments, temples, tombs, and religious papyri. On page 34 it said that there writing was kept complicated so not to many people could master it so scribes would be considered special.(Hart 34)
Artitecture:In the text it said That the pyramid was built as a burial place for King Djoser. On page 20 it said " It rose in six stages and is called the Step Pyramid.(Hart 20)
Religion: In the text it said " The Egyptians worshiped hundred of different gods and goddesses, and sometimes it is difficult to work out who was who." Also in the text it said that in one of the 42 administrative there was a different god for each plus many more.(Hart 24)
Government: In the text it said that the king is not only the most powerful and important man in Egypt - he was thought to be a god. Also in the text it said the queen egypt could also been seen of as a goddess but usually given the name "The Royal Wife" - only rarely did a queen rule by herself. (Hart 10)
Art: In the text it said the flax provided linen for clothing for everyone in Ancient Egypt. On page 54 it said they had clever ways of avoiding wear on linen clothing. (Hart 54)
Ancient China
Government: On page 18 it said Gaozu Helped one of the low class armies to
beat and overthrow the Qin dynasty. In later dynasties, a bunch of examinations happened and they took successful people from there communities and transferred them to an imperial palace. Also in the text it said " The members you passed the top restrictions and went into the palace and got accepted to be appointed as minister or get to marry and princesses." (Cotterell)
Writing: On page 11, it said that the people believed when the oracle bone cracked it was a message from their ancestors. The oracle bone was a tortoise shell or ox bone. Also it states that " cracks were then read to discover the answer to a question put to the ancestors."(Cotterell)
Art: On page 56 it said in China , luxury goods formed the major export commodities, such as Chinese jade, silk, lacquer, and porcelain were very important at that time. In the text it said " they produced tools for agricultural and weapons for the army as well as luxury item such as decorated tableware and fine silk cloth. Also, after the scholars and the low class farmers, artisans were favored and called the most important group of people in the society.(Cotterell)
Technology: On page 22 it says
" In the middle Ages many Chinese inventions were carried along the Silk Road to Europe, where some had an enormous impact." Some of the world's greatest invention come from China. Also, they created many of the weapons that we have today. (Cotterell)
Commerce (trade):On page 58 it said that in China they removed restraints placed on merchants. It also said " Chinese merchants amassed large fortunes by exporting luxury goods such as silk, spices, teas, porcelain, and lacquerware." They would be able to trade the items that were being exported. (Cotterell)
Location:On page 34 China was on the countryside
and work in the big large fields. Also in the text it said that even though not of the peasants were tied to a lord they still had to pay taxes, serve in the army, and work for a certain number of days. In the text it said "That one of the main main tasks of a farmer and his family was to maintain and regulate the supply of water to the crops."(Cotterell)
Religion: ON page 12 it said Confucius thought at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty was golden years of social harmony. The more and more turmoil led to confucius having new outlooks on things. Also it stated that " Confucius encouraged ancestor worship because it strengthened family loyalties."(Cotterell)
Indus River Valley/Aryans
Location: In the text it is said that In a matter of time there were many settlements built on the banks of the Indus Valley River and area around that. In the early 1900s archaeologist discover 4,000 year old cities that were developed in the time of Egyptians and the Mesopotamians. In the region there was very rich fertility soil which was the best for agriculture and crops for them. Prentice Hall: World Studies.
Writing: In the text it said there writing is one of the most confusing that and it can not still be desired. They put there writing on seals, ceramic pot, and other materials. They can't gain and real information from the Indus population. Prentice Hall: World Studies
Architecture/Tech: In the text it said they were very advanced for the time because they were very cautious of sanitation and cleanliness. Also, they were very good at building and shown impressive techniques when trying to protect themselves. The Aryans cities were very well planned and constructed very much ahead of their time. Prentice Hall:World Studies
Religion:In the text it said they started as Brahmanism then later turned into hinduism. Both religions ended up having the same rituals. They used the vedas
as there religious text. Prentice Hall: World Studies.
Government: In the text it said they were ruled by a warrior chief called Raja. They had a caste system made of 4 social classes. People were divided based off of wealth and occupations . Prentice Hall: World Studies
