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Interplay of Religious Figure: Pope John XXIII - Coggle Diagram
Interplay of Religious Figure: Pope John XXIII
Context:
Political
WW2
1st Sept 1939 - 2nd Sept 1945
Allied Powers = UK, Soviet Union, US
Axis Powers = German Reich, Kingdom of Italy, Empire of Japan
Caused by = rise of fascism, second Itallo-Ethiopian war, rising European tensions
Deaths of allies = 61million
Death of axis = 12 million
Creation of UN
Decline of European international influence
Fall of Nazi Germany
Fascist Italy and Imperial Japan
The Holocaust
Advances in tech and warfare including Nukes
Socio-Economic
Cold war/arms race
arms race
space race
nuclear weapons
population growth and migration
baby boom past WWII
Mid 1940s to 1950s
post war migration
people from Europe moving to US and Aus
the Golden age
Great Depression:
late 1920's share prices became inflated
speculation of stock market crash
mass withdrawals of investments
crash in the market
investors, stockbrokers and business owners lost everything
unemployment grew
hyperinflation due to overprinting of money
less demand for goods and services
mass spread of poverty
frequent bank repossession
Post WWII recovery:
Marshall Plan
US Program providing aid to Western Europe following WWII
60 million dead
great cities destroyed
world wide economic expansion
prosperity in US, Soviet Union, Western Europe and East Asia
growth in postmodernism, decolonisation, increased consumerism, welfare states, space race, import substitution, 1960s counterculture, feminism, nuclear arms race
Conflict in Society
Cold war:
fear of communism and nuclear warfare
no active fighting between hostile parties
US and Soviet separated by military and political divisions (Iron Curtain)
Person:
Family:
1 of 13 Children
Giovanni Roncalli (father) = a tenant farmer of Sotto il Monte
poor but not destitute
Marianna Mazzolla (mother)
family of sharecroppers
Education:
student at Pontifical Roman Seminary
Pontifical Roman Athenaeum Saint Apollinaire
attended elementary school in the town
tutored by a priest of Carvico
scholarship from the Cerasoli Foundation, enabled him to go to the Apollinaris in Rome
Experiences:
served in the Italian Army as a chaplain
appointed secretary to the new bishop of Bergamo
gained understanding of problems of the working class
taught apologetics, church history, and patrology
opened a hostel for students in Bergamo
conducted research on the episcopal visitation of Bergamo by St. Charles Borromeo
Perspective:
believed the church needed to be brought up to date
Religion: