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Unit 1: Federalism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - people vote directly on laws/policies for the nation
    - - people vote for representatives and representatives vote on laws/policies based will of the people
  - - - 1819
      - first major use of elastic clause
      - opened door for expansion of federalism power
      - ruled in favor of national government -> states cant tax federal banks/organizations
    - - 1995
      - congress must show economic activity is occuring when using commerce clause & elastic clause in regulation
      - tightened + narrowed implied powers of federal government -> fed gov can't regulate where you take a gun within school proximity
    - - 2022
      - limited states power -> can't deny people hand guns based on situation
    - - 2022
      - limited federal power -> pushed abortion laws & regulation to state level
    - - 2022
      - limited federal gov -> narrowed powers of federal EPA
      - first use of major questions doctrine
    - - 1824
      - broad interpretation of commerce clause
      - limited states power -> states can't interfere with interstate commerce
    - - 1833
      - SCOTUS ruled due process of 5th amendment didnt apply to actions of states
      - power to federal gov -> enumerated rights in 5th amendment only pertain to national gov
    - - 1857
      - narrowed scope of national power + enhanced state power -> SCOTUS ruled congress had no constitutional power to ban slavery in states & territories
  - - - categorical
        
        favors federal power
        
        fed gov gives $ to states and tell them exactly what to do with it
        
        cooperative federalism
      - block grant
        
        dual federalism
        
        favors state power
        
        feds gov gives $ to states for a specific department, but states decide how to spend the money within the department
    - - funded
        
        fed funded programs dictated by federal gov
      - non funded
        
        state funded programs dictated by federal gov
- - - - governments exist based on consent to be governed by the governed (rousseau)
  - - - lack of natl identity
      - natl gov had minimal power
      - no power to tax
      - no judicial system
- - - - bicameral legislature
      - executive + judiciary branch chosen by legislature
    - - pitched and supported by smaller states
      - one house legislature with one vote for each state
      - congress w ability to raise revenue
      - supreme court w members for life
    - - the great compromise
        
        virginia + new jersey plans
        
        equal state representation in senate and proportional representation in house
        
        house of reps elected directly but senators appointed
      - 3/5 compromise
        
        slaves/african Americans to be counted as 3/5 a person in state population
  - - - the legislative branch
        
        bicameral legislature
        
        enumerated + implied powers
        
        necessary and proper clause
    - - the executive branch
        
        authority to execute the laws of the nation
        
        president as commander in chief of armed forces
        
        president can apt judges to SCOTUS
        
        state of the union address where president responds directly to congress
        
        impeachment procedures
    - - the judicial branch
        
        establishes SCOTUS + jursidiction
        
        lower national courts
        
        SCOTUS to settle state/state and state/national disputes
    - - full faith and credit clause
    - - specifies amendment procedures
    - - contains supremacy clause
    - - procedures for ratifying constitution
  - - - pro consitution
      - strong central government
      - the federalist papers ("publius" pen name) urging for ratification of constitution
    - - weaker central gov
      - brutus and kato in response to federalist papers
      - anti ratification
- - - - 1767
      - imposed taxes on colonial imports
      - Boston massacre in response
    - - 1773
      - east india company to funnel business through British loyalist companies
      - Boston tea party in response
    - - 1774
      - blockaded Boston harbor
  - - - 1774
      - opposition to coercive acts
    - - 1775
      - decided GW should lead army against British --> start of official independence talks