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Philosophy and Ethics definitions - Coggle Diagram
Philosophy and Ethics definitions
Morality
Distinction between what is right and what is wrong
Normative ethical theory
Principles/rules regarding ethics (ethical standards)
Deontology
Study of the nature of duty and obligation
Intrinsic
Naturally belonging
example: "Love is the only intrinsic good"
Has to be a part of it
Absolute ethics
Definite, concrete rules/standards of ethics
Relative ethics
Whether something is right or wrong depends on the moral standards of one's culture
Teleological ethics
Focusing on the end goal/consequences
Consequentialist ethics
Judging whether something is right or wrong based on the consequences
Character based ethics
Developing character/personality traits to develop good morals
Objective ethics
Actions are always either right or wrong
Subjective
Up for debate - influenced by personal feelings and
opinions
Objective
Absolute fact - not influenced by personal feelings or opinions
A Priori
Arguments that rely on logical deduction and not sense experience
A Posteriori
Arguments that are known via sense experience
Inductive
A probabilistic argument. The conclusion is not proven or true
Deductive
Arguments whereby the truth of the premises = the truth of the conclusion
Synthetic
Statements that's truth/falsity are determined by sense experience
Statements that are true by the meaning of the words
Analytic
Subject
What/who a sentence is about
Predicate
Gives information about the subject
Necessary
Something that could not possibly have failed to exist
Contingent
Something that is true, but could have been otherwise
Ethics
Fideism
The doctrine that knowledge depends on faith or revelation
Casuistry
The resolving of moral problems by the application of theoretical rules
Doctrine of the mean
In virtue ethics - the ideal virtue is between the excess and deficiency, the mean.