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UV / Visible Spectroscopy *, 19PH31 - Coggle Diagram
UV / Visible Spectroscopy *
Application
:
Distinguishes between equatorial and axial conformation
Identification of compound in different solvents
Detection of functional group
Extent of conjugation
Energy transition
: :
n to pi*
Pi to pi*
Sigma to sigma *
n to Sigma*
SPECTRAL
:
Bathochromic shift
Hyperchromic shift
Hypochromic shift
Hypsochromic
Auxochromes
Impart colour to chromophores
Chromophores
Covalently boned unsaturated compound which undergo electronic transition
Independent Chromophores
Dependent Chromophores
INSTRUMENTATION
light source
Mercury lamp
Tungsten lamp
Hydrogen discharge lamp
Deuterium lamp
Xenon discharge lamp
Wavelength
Filter
Absorption filter
Interference filter
Monochromator
Prism Monochromator
Grating Monochromator
Slits
Entrance Slit
Exit slit
Sample cells or Cuvettes
Detectors
The photomultiplier tube
The linear photodiode array
Charge - coupled devices
Speectrophotometer
Single beam
Double beam
Power supply
Recording system
Solvent effect on absorption spectra
n to p* transition, less intense
Pi to Pi*
Beer and Lambert Law
Application
Applicable for only colourless compounds
Limitations
No applicable for conjugated double bond
Deviations
Instrumental deviation by stray light
Chemical deviations
Deviation by polychromatic radiation
19PH31