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MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS - Coggle Diagram
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
Pain in the back or eyes
Muscle cramps
Difficult in walking
Involuntary movement
Fatigue
Dizziness
Vertigo
Anxiety
Stiff muscles
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Focal inflammation leading to macroscopic plaques and injury to the barrier.
Degeneration of neurons with injury including axones
These processes lead to macro and microscopic injury
Plaques occurs and results from focal inflammation
Macrophages and monocytes stimulate migration of T cells across the barrier
This results in injury to blood -brain barrier and cells entry
TREATMENT
Glatiramer acetate
Dimethyl fumarate
Fingolimod
Natalizumab
Mitoxantrone
NURSING CARE PLAN
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
Fatigue due to pain or medication side effects
Independence due to depression
DESIRED OUTCOME
Patient will be able to meet his or her needs and self activities
Patient will show improved sense of energy
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
Administer prescribed medication
Identify factors contributing to lack of energy to the patient
Assist with physical exercise and massage
Promote independence
Identify useful equipments for mobility or improvement
DIAGNOSTIC TEST
MRI
Spinal tap
DEFINITION
CNS disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination ,gliosis and neuronal loss.