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Gould - Evaluation - Coggle Diagram
Gould - Evaluation
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Background
First intelligence tests designed by Binet to get extra/special education for French school children that had 'fallen behind'
Method
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Procedural History: USA were strong supporters of IQ testing. Yerkes joined Terman and other psychologists to create a set of mental tests to determine the US army recruits to different jobs. Questions included 'Washington to Adams is first to...' and 'Crisco is a: patent medicine, disinfectant, toothpaste, food product?' 1917, Yerkes tested 1.75 million recruits with one of two tests: Army Alpha (literate), Army Beta (illiterates/those who failed Alpha). Those that failed Beta were meant to be tested individually. Each were graded A-E
Results
Boring studied results of 160,000 men and concluded:
- White Americas: average mental age 13, just above moronity
- European immigrants; all 'morons' but north/west were brighter than east/south
- Black people: bottom of scale, scoring average 10.41
- Different culture/race differed in terms of intelligence and those with lower IQ doomed to remain as intelligence inherited
Conclusions
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By 1921, IQ testing common in business/education
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No clear operational definition of intelligence. IQ is political, not biological
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