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A Brief History of Project Management 2 Jan 2010 | updated 10 Oct 2021 …

- - - - 1880s
        Scientific Management
        Frederick Winslow Taylor
        
        1917
        The Gantt chart Developed by Henry Gantt (1861-1919)
        One of the forefathers of project management, Henry Gantt, is best-known for creating his self-named scheduling diagram, the Gantt chart. It was a radical idea and an innovation of worldwide importance in the 1920s. One of its first uses was on the Hoover Dam project started in 1931. Gantt charts are still in use today and form an essential part of the project managers' toolkit.
        
        1950s
        Eisenhower National Defense Interstate Highway System
        
        1956
        The American Association of Cost Engineers (now AACE International) Formed
        Early practitioners of project management and the associated specialities of planning and scheduling, cost estimating, cost and schedule control formed the AACE in 1956. It has remained the leading professional society for cost estimators, cost engineers, schedulers, project managers and project control specialists since.
        
        2006
        Total Cost Management Framework
        AACE continued its pioneering work in 2006, releasing the first integrated process for portfolio, programme and project management with their Total Cost Management Framework.
        
        1965
        The International Project Management Association (IPMA) Founded
        IPMA was the world's first project management association, started in Vienna by a group as a forum for project managers to network and share information. Registered in Switzerland, the association is a federation of about 50 national and internationally oriented project management associations. Its vision is to promote project management and to lead the development of the profession. Since 1965, IPMA has grown and spread worldwide, with over 120,000 members in 2012.
        
        1969
        Project Management Institute (PMI)
        Launched to Promote the Project Management Profession. Five volunteers founded PMI as a non-profit professional organization dedicated to advancing project management practice, science, and profession. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania issued Articles of Incorporation for PMI in 1969, which signified its official start. PMI held its first symposium in Atlanta, Georgia, attended by 83 people during that same year. Since then, the PMI has become best known as the publisher of 'A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK)', considered essential tools in today's project management profession. The PMI offers two levels of project management certification, Certified Associate in Project Management (CAPM) and Project Management Professional (PMP).
        
        1996
        PMBOK 1st Ed
        
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        1957
        The Critical Path Method (CPM)
        Dupont Corporation
        Developed by Dupont, CPM is a technique used to predict project duration by analysing which sequence of activities has the least amount of scheduling flexibility. Dupont designed it to address the complex process of shutting down chemical plants for maintenance, and then with the maintenance completed, restarting them. The technique was so successful it saved the corporation $1 million in the first year of its implementation.
        
        Cold War
        
        1958
        The Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT)
        Invented for the U.S. Navy's Polaris Project
        During the Cold War, the United States Department of Defense's US Navy Special Projects Office developed PERT as part of the Polaris mobile submarine-launched ballistic missile project. PERT is a method for analyzing the tasks involved in completing a project, especially the time needed to complete each task and identifying the minimum time required to complete the total project.
        
        1962
        United States Department of Defense
        Mandate the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Approach
        The United States Department of Defense (DOD) created the WBS concept as part of the Polaris mobile submarine-launched ballistic missile project. After completing the project, the DOD published the work breakdown structure it used and mandated the following of this procedure in future projects of this scope and size. WBS is an exhaustive, hierarchical tree structure of deliverables and tasks that need to be performed to complete a project. Later adopted by the private sector, the WBS remains one of the most common and valuable project management tools.
        
        Computers
        
        1975
        PROMPTII Method
        Created by Simpact Systems Limited
        The development of PROMPTII was in response to an outcry that computer projects were overrunning on time estimated for completion and original budgets as set out in feasibility studies. It was not unusual to experience factors of double, treble or even ten times the original estimates. PROMPTII was an attempt to set down guidelines for the stage flow of a computer project. In 1979, the UK Government's Central Computing and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) adopted the method for all information systems projects.
        
        1975
        The Mythical Man-Month:
        Essays on Software Engineering by Fred Brooks
        In his book on software engineering and project management, Fred Brooks's central theme is that "Adding manpower to a late software project makes it later." This idea is called Brooks's law. The extra human communications needed to add another member to a programming team is more than anyone expects. It naturally depends on the experience and sophistication of the human programmers involved and the quality of available documentation. Nevertheless, no matter how much experience they have, the extra time discussing the assignment, commitments and technical details and evaluating the results becomes exponential as more people get added. These observations are from Brooks's experiences while managing the development of OS/360 at IBM.
        
        1931
        Hoover Dam project
        
        1900s
        Therblig System
        for Project Efficiency
        
        1930s
        Walter Shewhart develops
        SQC Statistical Quality Control and Analysis methods
        
        1946
        ASQC (American Society for Quality Control)
        
        1950s
        Total Quality Management
        Walter Edwards Deming with Japanese engineers
        
        1968
        Quality Management Systems
        Japanese
        
        Quality Standards + QMS
        
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