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COPD, add picture here! - Coggle Diagram
COPD
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Interventions
Provide Diet Disease relationship education (+/- handouts) & why weight stability is important for recovery and QoL
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Recommend to prioritise protein portions 1st (meat), followed by starch (potato, rice, pasta) and lastly free vege
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Offer to trial ONS (Sustagen, Resource Fruit, Ensure, Fortisip compact)
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integrated pulmonary (exercise)
rehabilitation programme, ESPEN, 2006
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Nutritional requirements
Classified as moderately hypermetabolic during IECOPD (NEMO 2012) - 125-145 kJ/kg/day & 1.2 – 1.5 g protein/kg/day, ESPEN, 2006
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Low Albumin during the acute phase and is simply inflammation induced capillary damage resulting in loss of blood proteins to the interstitial space
Inflammation likely to alter biochemistry ( TNFα, IL-6, CRP, Alb)
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EN Guidelines (ESPEN)
Frequent small amounts of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) are preferred to avoid postprandial dyspnoea and satiety and to improve compliance
In stable COPD there is no additional advantage of disease specific low carbohydrate, high fat ONS compared to standard high protein or high energy ONS.
EN in combination with exercise and anabolic pharmacotherapy has the potential to improve nutritional status and function.
COPD
common preventable and treatable disease, characterised by persistent airflow limitation that is usually progressive and associated with an enhanced chronic inflammatory response
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Cardiopulmonary Cachexia
Cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome, distinct from starvation and age-related loss of muscle
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