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Immune system - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Localized in the blood stream
      - Differentiate into Macrophages
    - - Antigen transport from the periphery to the lymphatic system
      - Professional antigen presenting cells
      - Localized in circulation
    - - Phagoocyting cells
      - Are NOT present in healthy tissue, only in circulation
      - Main participants in the inflammatory process
      - Phagocytic
    - - Histamine, which is responsible for the allergic reaction
      - Differentiates into a Basophil inside circulation
    - - Against parasites
        All 3 are activated by IL-4
      - Allergic reaction
    - - Bone marrow lymphoid progenitors
      - Have no antigen binding receptors
      - Kill infected or tumor cells without a need for clonal expansion and differentiation. Most recognize MHC I.
- - - - T helper cells (CD4+)
        
        Assist other WBCs in immunogenic processes
        
        Secrete cytokines
        
        Exogenous recognition (Toxin, bacteria, allergen) through MHC II (CD4 positive T cells)
      - Cytotoxic T cells (T lymphocytes) CD8+
        
        Destroy cells that present foreign antigens - namely tumor cells and virally infected cells
        
        Endogenous recognition (virus, tumor) through MHC I (CD8 positive T cells)
        
        Initial activation occurs in secondary lymphoid organs
    - - Four polypeptide chains - Two light, two heavy. These contain the hypervariable regions.
        
        The variable domain functions
        
        Neutralization
        
        Blocks active sites of toxins or pathogen-associated molecules
        
        Blocks interactions between host and pathogen-associated molecules
        
        Antigen detection
      - The antibodies expressed are monospecific (Around 100,000)
      - 1) Clonal expansion
        
        2) Differentiation
        
        Effector functions (The spread of antigens produced by palsma cells to the infection site, increased by cytokines (leukotrienes, histamines, and prostaglandins) released by the T-helper)
      - Plasma cell
      - Memory B-cell
        
        Can have a half-life of more than 100 years
        
        Within 3-5 days of infection can differentiate into plasma cells