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Pneumonia images - Coggle Diagram
Pneumonia
Definition
Infection of the lung parenchyma
Causes
Viruses
Fungi
Bacteria
Mycobacteria
Risk factors
Chronic illness such as cancer and diabetes mellitus
General debility and weakness
Chronic pulmonary diseases
Upper respiratory tract infections
Clinical manifestations
Chills
Fever
General malaise
A dry painful cough
Plearitic chest pain
Dyspnoea
Pathophysiology
The alveoli fill with Inflammatory exudates
Consolidation of the lung tissues follows
The inflammatory exudate impaires gas exchange
The exudates plus leukocytes and mucus from mucous membrane
Form thick tenacious secretions that may block smaller airways and alveoli
Nursing management
Oxygen therapy must be given depending on arterial blood gas results
Encourage oral fluids intake
Assist patient with coughing and removal of secretions
Monitor input and output
Nursing diagnosis
Altered breathing pattern
Ineffective airway clearance
Nursing outcome
Breathing pattern normal
Airway patent
Mucus removed
Medical management
Give benzlypenicillin and amoxillin
