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Biology, Cell division - Coggle Diagram
Biology
Genetic make up
Alleles
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Phenotype- The looks of the person, this can also be due to environment
Selective breeding- When two parents with select characteristics are chosen to create an offspring with the desired characteristics by inheriting alleles eg breeding two cows together which are strong and the emale produces a lot of milk
Genetic engineering- Is the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material eg changing the DNA od bacteria to produce insulin
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Reflex arcs
Neurons
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CNS
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Synapses are where neurotransmitters diffuse across two neurons so that the impulse is carried through to the next neurons
In a reflex arc the impulse bypasses the brain and instead travels to the spinal cord and back and this is cause when your body senses danger etc example when you touch something hot
Stem cells
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Adult stem cell
Can only differentiate into some types of specialized cell however is harmlessly extracted from the donor
Cell division
Mitosis and meiosis
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Telophase- A nucleus starts to form around the separated chromosomes and a new membrane starts to form
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Anaphase- The spindle fiber is broken down, allowing them to separate. Each is now its own chromosome. The chromosomes of each pair are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell.
Metaphase- The nucleus dissolves and the cell's chromosomes condense and move together, aligning in the center of the dividing cell along spindle fibers attached poles of the cell .
Prophase- The stage of mitosis and of the mitotic division of meiosis characterized by the condensation of chromosomes consisting of two chromatids, disappearance of the nucleolus and nuclear membrane, and formation of mitotic spindle.
Interphase- Interphase is the longest part of the cell cycle. This is when the cell grows and copies its DNA before moving into mitosis
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