Glaucoma 
Definition
Clinical manifestation
Pathophysiology
Causes
Diagnostic test
Medical management
Nursing care
References
Is a group of conditions that affect optic nerve
Mogotlane,S.Moshedisi,C .Mogadishu,M .Mokoena,J.Young,A .2018.Juta's complete Textbook of Medical Surgical Nursing. Juta.Cape Town
It is caused by raised intra ocular pressure
Prolonged use of systemic corticosteroids
Hereditary
Ocular Inflammations
Uveitis
Injury
Retina diseases
An increase in intraocular pressure
Compresses and damages the optic nerve
Then the optic nerve fails to carry visual information to the brain
Resulting in loss of vision
Diagnosis
Interventions
Evaluation
Disturbance of vision related to altered status of sense organ as evidence by Progressive loss of visual field
Pain
Anxiety related to physiological factors, change in health status; presence of pain;reality of loss of vision as evidence by expressed concern regarding changes in life events
Ageing
Halos
Difficulty in focusing
Difficulty in adjusting eyes
Discomfort around eyes
Headache
Loss of peripheral vision
Tonometry(measure IOP)
Opthalmoscopy(inspection of optic nerve)
Gonioscopy(examine filtration angle of anterior chamber)
Perimetry(assess visual fields)
Lifelong therapy
Surgery e.g Trabeculectomy
Topical ocular medications to lower IOP e.g cholinergics
Laser procedures e.g trabeculoplasty and iridiotomy
Follow up examinations
Allow expression of feelings about loss and possibility of loss of vision
Demonstrate administration of eye drops
Provide sedation, analgesics as necessary
Prepare for surgical intervention as indicated
Postoperative care after peripheral iridectomy
Client will participate in the therapeutic regimen.
Evaluate anxiety level, degree of pain experienced
Identify helpful resources and people
Allow the patient to acknowledge concerns and express feelings
Appear relaxed and report anxiety is reduced to a manageable level
Patient verbalises no or mild pains