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HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING - Coggle Diagram
HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING
THE GENERAL SYSTEM
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE BRAIN
Function
Body's computer
Location
Located in a rigid bony skull surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid
Composition
Cerebrum
Largest and most highly developed part of the brain
concerned with complex functions i.e memory//perception//voluntary movement
Cerebellum
Responsible for balance and muscular co-ordination
The brain stem
Links the brain to spinal cord
controls heart beat. blood pressure, breathing, body temp, pleasure, hunger
THE SPINAL CHORD
Contained within the spinal column which consists of vertebrae and disks
openings between vertebrae allow nerves to enter and leave the spinal chord as they pass to and from the rest of the body
THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Connects the Central nervous system to the body organ systems
Comprises of somatic and Autonomic systems
Somatic
includes sensory nerves which carry messages from the sense organs to the brain for processing
Autonomic
Biological control system
Includes only motor nerves which regulate bodily functions i.e breathing, sweating
Reflexes
Functioning of both somatic and autonomic system
SENSE AND SENSITIVITY
we react to changes in the body's internal and external environment through sensory reception.
sensitivity is the receptors ability to respond to a stimuls
sensory threshold
a threshold below which a receptor cannot detect a stimulus
adaptation
repetitive stimulation of a receptor can lead to adaptation where the body gradually decreases its response to a stimulus.
MEMORY
Brain's ability to store and recall information
Types
Sensory/immedite memory
memory from your sense. i.e looking briefly at a visual image
short term/working
up to seven types of unrelated information for about 10-20seconds
People often use chunking to increase their short term memory
working memory because new information can be actioned and processed to become long term
Long term
semantic
storage in word form
ability and understanding
Episodic
Event memory responsible for storing episodes experienced during our daily life.
Remembering and forgetting
Once information has been stored, it can be retrieved or recalled at any time
recollection
recover or reproduce information that we have stored in our memory
recognition
Identification of information or material that we have encountered previously
Forgetting
classified under effect of time, interference or motivation
Amnersia
Loss of the ability to remember
commonly affects episodic memory only
Types and causes
Age
deterioration due to cardio-vascular system causing too little blood flow to the brain
Alcoholism
long term results in deterioration of brain cells and thus memory
Head injuries
results in temp amnesia
auditory amnesia
no memory for words and visual is inability to recognise objects
Fugue state
Psychiatric condition lasting a few weeks where total memory loss occurs caused by emotional trauma
Information processing
Attention and Vigilance
ability to process information is determined by attention span and short term memory
Selective attention
prioritising the sensory input stimuli, resulting in other important information being overlooked
Divided attention
still possible for other stimuli to intrude and divide our attention i.e overhearing your name
information collection and processing
Function of the brain
info gathered by senses is transmitted by the nervous system to the brain where it is evaluated and a course of action is decided upon
only able to make one decision at a time
Structure
Sensory stimuli - Short term memory - Central decision maker//motor programmes - action - feedback
The stimulus/perception
provided by senses
Mental or mindset
one of the dangers of inexperience is expectation
Errors in perception