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13.1 US Foreign Policy (Part I) - Coggle Diagram
13.1 US Foreign Policy (Part I)
1. Objectives of US Foreign policy
The protection of the United States and the lives of its citizens
Related to this security goal is the aim of protecting the country’s allies, or countries with which the United States is friendly and mutually supportive.
In the international sphere, threats and dangers can take several forms, including military threats from other nations or terrorist groups and economic threats from boycotts and high tariffs on trade.
both while they are in the United States and when they travel abroad.
The maintenance of access to key resources and markets
Resources include natural resources, such as oil, and economic resources, including the infusion of foreign capital investment for U.S. domestic infrastructure projects like buildings, bridges, and weapons systems.
Access to the international marketplace also means access to goods that American consumers might want
U.S. foreign policy also seeks to advance the interests of U.S. business, to both sell domestic products in the international marketplace and support general economic development around the globe (especially in developing countries).
The preservation of a balance of power in the world
A balance of power means no one nation or region is much more powerful militarily than are the countries of the rest of the world.
The achievement of a perfect balance of power is probably not possible, but general stability, or predictability in the operation of governments, strong institutions, and the absence of violence within and between nations may be.
The protection of human rights and democracy
The payoff of stability that comes from other U.S. foreign policy goals is peace and tranquility.
While certainly looking out for its own strategic interests in considering foreign policy strategy, the United States nonetheless attempts to support international peace through many aspects of its foreign policy, such as foreign aid, and through its support of and participation in international organizations such as the
United Nations
, the
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO), and the
Organization of American States.
2. The United Nations (UN)
Is perhaps the foremost international organization in the world today.
The main institutional bodies of the UN
The
General Assembly
includes all member nations and admits new members and approves the UN budget by a two-thirds majority.
The
Security Council
includes fifteen countries, five of which are permanent members (including the United States) and ten that are nonpermanent and rotate on a five-year-term basis
The entire membership is bound by decisions of the Security Council, which makes all decisions related to international peace and security.
Two other important units of the UN
The International Court of Justice in The Hague (Netherlands).
The UN Secretariat, which includes the Secretary-General of the UN and the UN staff directors and employees.
Today, the United Nations, headquartered in New York City, includes 193 of the 195 nations of the world.
It is a voluntary association to which member nations pay dues based on the size of their economy.
The UN’s main purposes are to maintain peace and security, promote human rights and social progress, and develop friendly relationships among nations.