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Analyzing and Interpreting Data, LAURA MILENA PUGA NOVOA, 4 B, 22/08/2022 …
Analyzing and Interpreting Data
Definition and Purpose
It is difficult, time-consuming, and challenging part of the research. In other words,
analysis
involves summarizing what’s in the data, whereas
interpretation
involves making sense of—finding meaning
in—those data
Data analysis
during
data collection
Qualitative data
Challenge yourself to explore every possible angle and try to find patterns and seek out new understandings from the data
It is important to avoid premature actions based on early analysis and interpretation of data
analysis way
The qualitative researcher begins data analysis from the initial interaction with participants and continues that interaction and analysis throughout the entire study.
Data analysis
after
data collection
Qualitative data analyisis
Induction
Large datasets are reduced into small key data
Steps in analyzing qualitative research data
Follow the 3 interative or repetitive steps
Describing
The second step in analysis
The aim of this step is to provide a narrative picture of the setting and events that take place in it so you will have an understanding of the context in which the study is taking place
Relevance
In qualitative research, context influences participant's actions and understanding. Thus, we need a description of the context, actions and interactions of the participants
Classifying
The last step in analysis
Classifying small pieces of data into more general categories is the qualitative researcher’s way to make sense and find connections
Reading/Memoing
The first step in analysis
Read and write
memos about all field notes, transcripts, and observer comments to get an initial sense of the data
Search
-Recurring themes
-Common threads
Data analysis strategies
Identifying themes
To consider the big picture and start to list themes that you have seen emerge in your literature review and in the data collection.
Coding
Marking units of text with codes or labels as a way to indicate patterns and meaning in data.
Reduce your data to a manageable form
Asking key questions
Strategy where the researcher asks questions
-Who is centrally involved?
-Who has resources? Which ones?
-What major activities, events, or issues are relevant to the problem?
-When does this problem occur?
An organizational review
helps the researcher to understand the environment more broadly.
The review focus
In the vision and mission, goals and objectives, structure, operation, and issues and concerns of the organization under study.
Concept mapping
Action that helps researchers visualize participant actions and influences that have affected the study.
The steps for developing a concept map
include the following:
List the major influences that have affected the study of your area of interest.
Develop a visual representation of the main influences (factors), connecting the influences with the relationships you know exist (solid lines), and the influences you intuit about (dotted lines).
Review the concept map to determine the coherencies or inconsistencies
Analyzing antecedents and consequences
To help qualitative researchers identify the major elements of their analysis. In other words that allows the researcher to map the causes and effects that have emerged throughout the study
The steps for analyzing antecedents and consequences are as follows:
List the influences that emerged from the
analysis
Revisit the review of literature to determine whether the analysis of the study supports, or is challenged
Revisit your data to determine if anything is missing and suggest how your findings may influence future research.
Displaying findings
Involves
To use matrixes, charts, concept maps, graphs,and figures to encapsulate the findings of a study.
Stating what is missing
Encourages the researcher to reflect and to identify the questions for which you have not been able to provide answers
Data interpretation strategies
Data interpretation is based heavily on the connections, common aspects, and linkages among the data pieces, categories, and patterns.
the four main questions
What is important in the data?
Why is it important?
What can be learned from it?
So what?
The techniques for data interpretation that folllow are adapted
Extend the analysis.
A low-risk technique where data interpretation is performed by asking questions about the study and pointing out the implications of the study.
Connect findings with personal experience
Encourages the researcher to personalize interpretations based on intimate knowledge
and understanding of the research setting.
Seek the advice of critical friends
Involves inviting trusted colleagues to offer insights that may have been missed due to the researcher’s closeness to the study
Contextualize findings in the literature
To use the review of related literature to provide support for the findings of the study
Turn to theory
Theory can provide a rationale or
sense of meaning to the work we do
Know when to say when!
Means that the researcher refrains from offering an interpretation when only a weak interpretation can be offered.
Ensuring credibility in your study
Ask themselves
How reliable are those providing the data?
What biases may have influenced how an
observation was made or reported?
Are observations corroborated by others?
What motivations may have influenced a
participant’s report?
In what circumstances was an observation
made or reported?
Are the data based on one’s own observation or on hearsay?
LAURA MILENA PUGA NOVOA
4 B
22/08/2022