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Development of Deaf Education in the United States - Coggle Diagram
Development of Deaf Education in the United States
Development of American Sign Language
Marthas Vineyard (1602):
Deaf community founded by Bartholomew Gosnold, located off the southeastern coast of Massachusett’s
Martha Vineyard Sign Language (MVSL)
: Once known as Chilmark Sign Language, signs within this language are thought to have absorbed into what is now American Sign Language.
Wampanoags
: Native American tribe that lived on the island, created American Indian Sign Language, signs within this language may have influenced some of the signs within MVSL.
Deaf community Utopia
: The island people were very accepting towards the deaf community. More than one quarter of its population were deaf. Signing become a social norm within the island.
Francis Green
Harvard University Graduate,
Founded a free school for the deaf in London,
Advocated for free education for all deaf children in America.
"Signing Deaf Education"
Laurent Clerc:
First deaf teacher of the deaf in America. He was a deaf educator in France, instructed at the
"Royal National Institute for the Deaf-Mutes".
Accompanied THG to America, and helped found the "Connecticut Asylum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb persons"."
Dr. Mason Cogswell:
Prominent Hartford Physican, Father of Alice Cogswell. Discussed with TGH about the lack of education that was offered to not only his daughter but also many other deaf children within their community.
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (THG)
: Gallaudet’s interest in deaf education sparked through his interaction with a nine-year old deaf girl, Alice Cogswell. Co-founded the first Ameircan school for the deaf, "Connecticut Aslyum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb persons".
Gallaudet to traveled to Europe to learn about the most successful ways to teach deaf children. He visited the
"Royal National Institute for the Deaf-Mutes"
, where he learned from Sicard and Laurent Clerc. Clerc would later accompany THG to his journey back to America.
Abbe de I'Epee and THG parrell:
Both encountered two young deaf girls and were inspired by them to create a school for their education, one in France;
The National Institue for Deaf Mutes
and the other in the United States;
"Connecticut Aslyum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb persons".
Alice Cogswell
Nine year old deaf girl, who inspired the development of deaf educational opportunities and American Sign Language in the United States.
At 12 years old she became the first student to enroll within the
"Connecticut Aslyum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb persons".
"Connecticut Aslyum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb persons".
Opened in 1817, still stands today. Later renamed
"American School for the deaf"
in 1855.
Founded by
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
and
Laurent Clerc
Amos Kendall
Helped found Gallaudet University in Washington D.C., donated two acres of estate for the foundation of the school. Headed by
Edward Miner Gallaudet
.
Edward Miner Gallaudet
: Headed Gallaudet University
Bill was signed by
Abraham Lincoln
in 1864
Asked Congress to pass a bill that would help fund the establishment of a college
Oral deaf education
:
"Boston's Horace Mann School"
: First
day
school for the deaf, offered oral education.
Gardiner Hubbard
: Founded
"Clarke School for the Deaf"
(boarding school), offered oral education for the deaf
Bernal Engelsman
: Established the
"Lexington School for the Deaf"
, in NYC, credited with originating oral education in the U.S., (boarding school)
Alexander Graham Bell
: Advocated for the oral method within education. President of
"The American Assoication to Promote the Teaching of Speech to the Deaf"
Early Attempts of deaf education in the U.S.
Col. William Bolling:
Virginia father of two deaf children attempted to start his own deaf school, he hired
John Braidwood II,
grandson to Thomas Braidwood, to teach he childern
John Braidwood II
: Bolling bailed him out of jail, so he began to teach his children. Did not last long as Braidwood suffered from alcholism and had a gambling addiction and soon left the his teaching position.
Cobbs school
: founded by William Bolling and John Braidwood