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Evolution of Deaf Education - Coggle Diagram
Evolution of Deaf Education
Martha's Vineyard
Bartholomew Gosnold
Named island after daughter and for profusion of wild grapes growing on island
1640's
Wampanoags, Native American tribe, and new settlers lived on the island in peace with each other
Whaling was the main industry
Isolated island population expanded rapidly
Many deaf people were poor farmers
Most eventually settled in
Chilmark
Isolated town in the western part of Martha's Vineyard
17th century
Families of 15-20 were common
Jonathan Lambert
First def person on Martha's Vineyard
Deaf mute
Kids afflicted with congenital deaf-mutism
First known cases on the vineyard
1880
One deaf person per 6,000 persons
1 in 155 on Martha's Vineyard
1 in 25 in Chilmark
At one point, more than one quarter or Chilmark's residents were deaf
Old-time Vineyards viewed people signing in Chilmark simply as a difference, not a disability
Eva West
Last known Chilmark deaf native
Chilmark sign language was later known as Martha's Vineyard Sign Language
Likely to have been absorbed into what is now American Sign Language (ASL)
American Sign Language (ASL)
American Indian Sign Language
Created by hearing Indian people
Was in long use before ASL
Marriage was common practice in colonial times
London and Birmingham
Schools for deaf were operated as family businesses
Administrators did not want to share their knowledge with prospective teachers unless financial terms were negotiated
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
Worked against slavery
Wrote children's books
Recognized today for importing a method of teaching deaf people
Recognized for opening first permanent school for deaf in America
Helped other states establish schools for the deaf
Laurent Clerc
Documented as the first deaf teacher of the deaf in America
Became deaf at age 1 by falling into a fireplace
Helped promote deaf education
Schools
American school for the deaf
First permanent private school for deaf people