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A Doll's House, Act 1, Part 1 -, Act 3 - AKMAL, AKMAL Act 2 -, AKMAL…

- - - - A whole world of masculinity that she cannot enter
  - - - Implications?
      - Boys get weapons, gils get girly stuff
  - - - Emmy - Girl - stereotypically girly things - she hates it, as evidenced by "they are very plain, but anyway she will soon break them in pieces"
        
        Is Emmy perhaps envious of her brothers?
        
        ...or a preconceived notion that girls are stupider?
      - Indicates out of touch with her children and wants and needs
      - Ivar - "a new suit for Ivar, and a sword"
      - Boys get weapons, girls get girly stuff
      - Bob - "a horse and a trumpet"
  - - - Suggests that even she doesn't have access to her house and that his husband owns everything.
        
        Patriarchal society
- - - - She lies about it
        
        Demonstrates further power dynamics in the relationship
      - She plays with his buttons flirtatiously and seductively --> avoids the question
  - - - Indicates she and Helmer don't actually deeply love eachother
      - A shallow relationship
- - - - She is extremely optimistic
  - - - Celebrates as Helmer gets a raise
      - Her spending money on gifts
- - - - NORA - Papa didn’t give us a shilling. It was I who procured the money.
      - MRS LINDE - You? All that large sum?
      - NORA - Two hundred and fifty pounds. What do you think of that?
    - - She knows her marriage is based on purely her beauty
      - How aware or smart is she?
      - NORA. [meditatively, and with a half smile]. Yes—someday, perhaps, after many years, when I am no longer as nice-looking as I am now. Don’t laugh at me! I mean, of course, when Torvald is no longer as devoted to me as he is now; when my dancing and dressing-up and reciting have palled on him; then it may be a good thing to have something in reserve—[Breaking off.] Use of stage dialogue to demonstrate change in line of thinking/personality.
- - - - He is capricious, given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior
      - Blaming madness? Superstition?
  - - - Peripeteia is a literary term referring to an unexpected reversal of circumstances or a sudden change of fortune in a story.
  - - - HELMER. "It’s shocking. This is how you would neglect your most sacred duties."
      - Perhaps the religious part is supposed to be a traditional housewife duty? The worship of these positions over individuals
      - The prioritisation of society over individuals
      - Nora is challenging religious, and societal norms and values
  - - - Nora:
        You're thinking I wouldn't have accepted such a sacrifice from you? No, of course I wouldn't! But what would my word have counted for against yours? That was the miracle i was hoping for, and dreading. And it was to prevent it happening that I wanted to end my life
      - HELMER. Nora, I would gladly work night and day for youm and endure sorrow and hardship for your sake. But no man would sacrifice his honour for the one he loves.
      - NORA: Millions of women have done it
      - HELMER: Oh, you think and talk like a stupid child
- - - - Subtext is any content of a creative work, which is not announced explicitly, but is implicit, or becomes something understood by the audience. Subtext has been used historically to imply controversial subjects without drawing the attention of censors
  - - - OR: Was he jealous and wanted to prevent Helmer sleeping w/ his wife out of jealousy
- - - - HELMER.
        [standing at the open door]. Yes, do. Try and calm yourself, and make your mind easy again, my frightened little singing-bird....(see whole quote pg96 on the physical copy)
      - Thinks and wishes to be a hero but doesn't have the character to do it
- - - - Become dainty, pretty
      - Unlike knitting, it is decorative
      - Similar objectification with Nora
    - - Basically him mansplaining
- - - - Suggestion of selfishness and his reputation
      - Selfish Helmer: Always saying "I" & "me".
  - - - Conveys Nora's disgust and fear towards Torvald
        
        NORA. [coldly and quietly]. Yes.
        NORA. [looks steadily at him and says with a growing look of coldness in her face]. Yes, now I am beginning to understand thoroughly.
      - Demonstrated in her body language that illustrates her realisation
      - Her last hopeful moment for the 'miracle'
        
        NORA.: Let me go. You shall not suffer for my sake. You shall not take it upon yourself.
        HELMER. No tragic airs, please. [Locks the hall door.] Here you shall stay and give me an explanation. Do you understand what you have done? Answer me! Do you understand what you have done?
- - - - But can’t we live here like brother and sister—?
- - - - Sickness from over-working
        
        Contradictory words & actions
      - Which Nora has to take care of him
- - - - "Sensitive chap" - physical copy
  - - - Somewhat luxury items
      - Mildly awkward response, with short sentences
    - - More sexual, seductive way of flirting
      - Nora not so innocent
    - - She is made to face her guilt and reality
      - Her plan cannot be acted upon now
      - Socially perceptive, financially daft?
      - She won't violate her morals and boundaries to take adv and exploit Dr.Rank
        
        Moral growth
        
        Dr Rank is more
    - - Friendzone?
      - Nora's idea of love is naive?
    - - Symbolic of clarity and truth?
      - Lamp is symbolic, brings forth the reality Nora is to face
      - Double Meaning
- - - - He is relieved that nothing more has happened, that Nora hasn't fallen deeper to wrong choices
        
        NORA.[faintly]. No more had I.
        
        NORA.[faintly]. No more had I.
        
        KROGSTAD: [in a tone of relief]. No, that’s it, isn’t it—you hadn’t the courage either?
        
        NORA: No, I haven’t—I haven’t.
    - - KROGSTAD.
        Most of us think of that at first. I did, too—but I hadn’t the courage.
  - - - KROGSTAD.
        Under the ice, perhaps? Down into the cold, coal-black water? And then, in the spring, to float up to the surface, all horrible and unrecognisable, with your hair fallen out—
      - Contradicts the beautiful description of women in the book
      - Creates an emotion of shock towards Helmer's perception of evil
      - Reference to Nora's idea of suicide, to perhaps place the blame on Krogstad as well as a last resort
    - - Why is it not normal for her to think like that
      - Why is justifiable for her to think like that?
      - Why is it normal or not normal?
  - - - Hidden information
    - - Hidden independence and financial freedom
    - - Unaccessible by Nora, only by Helmer
      - Letter box is symbol of information, the study is the knowledge
      - Reflection of how women are excluded from universities and studies
      - Locked by Helmer
- - - - Built-up tension
  - - - Symbolic of crazy madness
      - Tied up hair --> symbolic of intelligence
      - HELMER: "Stop, Rank; this is sheer madness. Stop, I tell you! [RANK stops playing, and NORA suddenly stands still. HELMER goes up to her.] I could never have believed it. You have forgotten everything I taught you."
    - - Dramatic irony that Nora is distracting him
      - "HELMER: My dear darling Nora, you are dancing as if your life depended on it!"
- - - - Pretty deppressing
- - - - She realises that Nora can ask the doctor for money
      - SAW WHAT YOU WROTE LMAO
- - - - "What are you doing here?!" Nora disliked his appearance
      - The one who sent money to her???
      - Talks like a superior to Krogstad
      - Reflects how naive and entitled she is
    - - [Mrs LINDE starts, trembles, and turns to the window.]
      - I dunno man. this seems sus!
- - - - "What, macaroons? I thought they were forbidden here." - Rank
      - Banned by Helmer as it breaks her beautiful wife's teeth
      - Nora laughing out loud and giving out cookies
    - - Can't be herself (happy and carefree) around men
      - Un-ladylike to swear - patriarchal society dominates her
      - Nora feels safer with Dr Rank than her husband
        
        Not even Torvald knows who Christine is
        
        Reasoner -
- - - - "When your husband was ill, you came to me to borrow two hundred and fifty pounds."
  - - - Formerly, Helmer was his 'pride'. Remember, Nora saved her life
- - - - Symbol of being studious - similar to pen
    - - Known Krog for a long time
      - Has strong opinions about the law - as absolutes
      - He believes that there are no grey areas - no black or white
      - There are LOTS OF QUOTES. See page 52-3 on physical copies
        
        Blames mothers "who are constitutional liars"
        
        Implications? He believes that mothers will corrupt her children
        
        Nora is scared - " It’s not true. It can’t possibly be true."
        
        Torvard would be extremely angry
- - - - NORA: There they are! There they are! [She runs to open the door. The NURSE comes in with the children.] Come in! Come in! [Stoops and kisses them.] Oh, you sweet blessings! Look at them, Christine! Aren’t they darlings?
      - RANK: Don’t let us stand here in the draught.
      - He asks if Christine is a widow = He believes married women shouldn't work as they should take care of the children
      - HELMER: Come along, Mrs Linde; the place will only be bearable for a mother now!
        
        Assumes it's painful for Linde
- - - - Pre-meeting
        
        "What are you doing here?!" Nora disliked his appearance
        
        Krongstad was the one who had lent her money
        
        She's delighted as she thinks he's under her husband's authority so she can delay him and play him in the palm of her hand
      - During Meeting
        
        During this, it reveals that Krongstad is there to blackmail her
        
        Christine is there to steal his job
        
        Reveals that she doesn't have any influence and now the tables have turned. Nora is now in the palms of his hand.
        
        He mentions that the law doesn't care for motive, when she did it for a noble one of saving her husband. HOWEVER, she says the "law is foolish" then.
        
        A foreshadowing of her husband's reaction to her?
        
        The laws are a parallel to the Torvald Helmer. Evidence by end of Act 1 w/ Torvald's behavior towards Krongstad
        
        "I don’t believe it. Is a daughter not to be allowed to spare her dying father anxiety and care? Is a wife not to be allowed to save her husband’s life? I don’t know much about law; but I am certain that there must be laws permitting such things as that. Have you no knowledge of such laws—you who are a lawyer? You must be a very poor lawyer, Mr. Krogstad." - Nora
        
        [Appears buried in thought for a short time, then tosses her head]. Nonsense! Trying to frighten me like that!—I am not so silly as he thinks. [Begins to busy herself putting the children’s things in order.] And yet—? No, it’s impossible! I did it for love’s sake.
        
        Blackmail material: That she forged her father's signature for the money lending; fraud
      - Post-Meeting
        
        Helmer exiting the study
        
        Honourable Helmer and his judgement
        
        There are LOTS OF QUOTES. See page 52-3 on physical copies, the final page before ACT 1
        
        Blames mothers "who are constitutional liars"
        
        Implications? He believes that mothers will corrupt her children
        
        Nora is scared - " It’s not true. It can’t possibly be true."
        
        There are no grey areas - no black or white
        
        Has strong opinions about the law - as absolutes
        
        Known Krongstad for a long time
        
        "Holds bundle of paper"
        
        Symbol of being studious - similar to pen
        
        What to wear - asks Helmer
        
        Pessimism of Nora
    - - Threat to his job
    - - Knew him for a long time, since "highschool"
      - Yet the moment Krongstad commited one crime, he cut him off immediately
- - - - Reason for why macaroons are banned by Helmer: Worry of her having a sweet tooth and harming her teeth
        
        Superficial reason: Supports the marriage only existing for appearance
    - - Reveals that she confides in Dr.Rank & demonstrates she feels safe around him
        
        Evidence: He knows about Christine. Torvald doesn't
        
        Dr.RANK: "I have often heard Mrs Linde’s name mentioned here. I think I passed you on the stairs when I arrived, Mrs Linde?"
        
        She told him about Christine often
        
        HELMER.
        Of course. A school friend of my wife’s, I presume?
      - "I should just love to say—Well, I’m damned!"
        
        Can't be herself (happy and carefree) around men
        
        Un-ladylike to swear - patriarchal society dominates her
        
        Also reveals her stress w/ her marriage
- - - - Nora seduced Helmer?
      - Helmer protected Nora's father from fraud?
      - Was Nora sold as a commodity to Helmer?
- - - - At last, he reaches what Scribe called the scène à faire: the confrontation between Nora and Helmer. This is the scene the audience has been eagerly expecting since the first act. At the dénouement, the revelation of all secrets, the original audience would expect something like Helmer’s luxurious meditation on forgiveness.
        
        Shockingly, it only happens after his selfishness has rendered it meaningless. The real resolution – when the well-made play generally ties up all loose ends – also proves to be a reversal of expectation. Nora’s quiet announcement that she is leaving her marriage is not so much an ending as the beginning of a new story.