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Long Term Causes of the Spanish Civil War :tada: - Coggle Diagram
Long Term Causes of the Spanish Civil War :tada:
Political
Rigged elections (yet no
division between parties
[liberal and conservative])
Wealthy oligarchs obtaining powers (different cliques)
Army intervention (unpopular,
brutal, and expensive to maintain)
Resulted in heavy taxation
Credibility was undermined after losing
the Spanish-American War
Political Division
Liberal movement (supported by educated middle class)
Remained a force in the 1920s (PSOE, Partido Socialista Obrero Espanol, Spanish socialist party), but the trade union (Union General de Trabajadores [UGT], Socialist trade union was active)
Moderate socialists led by Indalecio Prieto, and the radicals led by Largo Caballero
Anarchists (popular in the countryside due to demand for redistribution of land and the establishment of some trade unions)
Active in organizing strikes and protests
Federacion Anarquista Iberica (FAI, Militant anarchists) carried out bombings and assassinations (called for revolution, no democratic processes)
Economic
agriculture
the lands that the peasants owned could only barely sustain them
Lack of reform and investment - Rural workers had to work with low wages, long hours, poor housing and no welfare provision
agricultural work was seasonal - agricultural laborers had to migrate to find work and majority lived in poverty
emphasized the vast differences between rich and poor living situations
failure to capitalize
lack of modernization
workers in urbanized cities had low wages, long hours, unregulated conditions, poor housing, & limited to no welfare provision
led to the growth of trade unionism
had no political power - turned to violence and revolution
worsening economic state after the first world war
resource & supply shortages
inflation
further decline in living standards for working class
Ideological: Socio-political tensions
Church = wealthy & powerful
State was backed by the Church
(guaranteed its role in education and economy)
Promoted social, political, and economic conservatism
(opposed liberal and modernizing forces)
Upper class has close ties with the Church
Popular rurally, but in urban areas, there were protests against its association with the elites
Some middle class wanted to limit its power especially
over education (they were anti-clerical, promoting liberalism)
Territorial
Centralist state declined demands for independence from the Catalonia and Basque regions.
Catalans and Basques had independent industrial economies, leading to economic strains with the central state.
Catalans and Basques had very different cultures, including differences in language and churches.