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Chronic Adaptations - Coggle Diagram
Chronic Adaptations
Aerobic Chronic adaptations
Cardiovascular
increased size (left ventricle)
increased maximal cardiac output
increased cross-sectional area of blood vessels
increased stroke volume
increased blood volume
increased HDL count
decreased systolic blood pressure
increased haemoglobin
decreased resting/submaximal heart rate
increased capillarisation
increased a-VO2 diff
decreased blood lactate concentration
Muscular
increased oxidative enzymes
increased oxidation of fats
increased oxidation of glycogen
increased myoglobin
increased glycogen and triglyceride fuel stores
increased fibre size
increased size, number and surface area of mitochondria
Respiratory
increased membrane surface area
increased diffusion
increased ventilatory efficiency
increased total lung volume
Decreased resting/submaximal ventilation
increased tidal volume
Increased maximal oxygen consumption
Resistance Chronic Adaptations
Neural
Decreased golgi tendon organs
increased motor neuron excitability
increased motor unit recruitment
increased activation of CNS
increased firing rates
increased efficiency in neural recruitment patterns
Decreased neural inhibitory reflexes
Muscular
Increased hypertrophy
increased number and contracticle proteins (myosin and actin)
Increased size and strength of connective tissue
increased size and number of myofibrils
Anaerobic Chronic Adaptations
Muscular
increased ATP & CP stores
increased glycogen stores
Increased ATPase
increased glycolytic enzymes
Increased tolerance to metabolic by-products
Cardiovascular
Increased thickness of the left ventricle wall