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Chapter 3:Management history & practice (74-97) - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 3:Management history & practice (74-97)
Key terms
Robert Owen (1771-1858)
page 76
Charles Babbage (1792-1871)
page 76
Daniel Craig McCallum (1815-1878)
page 77
Henry Varnum Poor (1812-1905)
page 77
Fredwick W. Taylor (1856-1915)
page 78
Sciientific management
page 78-79
Evolution of management thought (74-77)
Preindustrialization (74-75)
For the last several thousand years social systems managed resources to feed house and protect
Evolution of management intertwined with development of social, religious and economic systems needed to support cities states and countries. Church and state provided the first systems for management
these were predicated or philosophies that placed people in complex hierarchies
History provides examples of management systems by Egyptians Romans and Chinese. Many basic principles of supervision & control evolved from these projects which required a lot of management and organizational skill
the concept of management through bureaucracy from centuries ago are still with us today
Encountered every day
the logistics and skill needed to organize armies required detailed organizational planning
Many management concepts expanded on skill to implement projects as the world shifted from to an industrial base
Many are used today
In the west decline of the catholic church in the 14th and 15th along with religious struggles create Protestants and change government
the industrial revolution and early pioneers of management (75-76)
4 principal changes in management of workplace in England and Europe contributed to industrial revolution
Mechanization of work
Centralization of production
3.Creation of labor class
Creation of job manager
elements of Science and technology, change in government policies, population growth, improved health conditions and better use of farmland were all part of changes that occurred during 17th, 18th 19th centuries
Entrepreneurs that established manufacturing businesses needed others to supervise laborers hired to run equipment
Management pioneers (76-77)
One of the early pioneers
Robert Owen
supervised and operated a cotton mill where observed problems happening in the manufacturing process he tried to improve working condition and changed the equipment to reduce hazard to workers
Charles Babbage
often cited ass inventor of the 1st computer in 1822 is also credited with first research techniques to study labor
Early Research is a forerunner of scientific management
Established salary systems
Changes in America (77)
early stages of industrial revolution in US depended on borrowing techniques from England and Scotland
by 19th century US manufacturers began to mass produce quality parts for a variety of equipment
The development of late 19th century America's management system was due to engineer
creation of railroads and telegraph created rapid business expansion in America
Daniel Craig McCallum
a manager of Erie Railroad is credited with creating a formal organization chart (tree shaped)
Henry Varnum Poor
the editor of American Railroad Journal wrote a lot about management organization his philosophy is:
Organization was basic to all management; there must be a chain of command with specific duties & responsibilities for each
Communication meant devising a method of reporting throughout an organization to give management continuous & accurate account of operations
info was 'recorded communication' Poor saw a need for set of operating reports to be grouped for costs, revenues & rate-making
Railroad brought the need for art managers every where
Management trends to the present (78-
Classical management perspectives (78-
most timelines of management that start in the 1900s start with
Fredwick W. Taylor
recognized as strong proponent of the underlying practices of
Scientific management
Human relations Management (1927-present)
Modern management
Management theory and the art, craft and Science