Dysfunctional uterine bleeding 
Definition
Any bleeding from the vagina that varies from a woman's normal menstrual cycle
Causes
Symptoms
Pelvic pain or uncomfortable pressure
Heavy menstrual bleeding
Menstrual bleeding lasting less than 2 days
Bleeding or spotting between periods
Menstrual bleeding lasting more than 7 days
The primary cause of abnormal menstruation is a hormonal imbalance which occurs most frequently at puberty and menopause.
Factors that can impact hormonal balance include stress (physical or emotional), rapid weight gain or loss, medications, birth control pills and intrauterine devices (IUDs).
Uterine fibroids- tumors often found growing on the uterine muscles
Uterine polyps- also known as endometrial polyps, these small, soft growths occur inside the uterus. Most uterine polyps are non-cancerous.
Pathophysiology
Progesterone levels fall at the end of the menstrual cycle, leading to enzymatic breakdown of the functionalis layer of the endometrium
These arteries become the arcuate arteries; then the arcuate arteries send off radial branches which supply blood to the two layers of the endometrium, the functionalis and basalis layers.
This breakdown leads to blood loss and sloughing, which makes up menstruation
The uterine and ovarian arteries supply blood to the uterus
Diagnosis
Ultrasound. Doctor may recommend an ultrasound to view your reproductive organs
Blood tests. Blood tests are used to measure your hormone levels and your complete blood count
Endometrial biopsy.
pregnancy test.
Medication
Birth control pills.
Progestin
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists
Surgery
Myomectomy.
Endometrial ablation.
Uterine artery embolization.
Hysterectomy.
Hysteroscopy.
Nursin Interventions
Encourage patient to comply the medication to reduce discomfort and pain
Explain the importance of iron rich food to supplement iron
Explain the methods of quantifying blood loss and report to health care providers
Assist in and teach patient pain relieving techniques to promote self sufficient in managing pain
Encourage patient to express her feelings to increase understanding of individual
Referring
Khan R, Sherwani RK, Rana S, Hakim S, S Jairajpuri Z. Clinco-pathological patterns in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Iran J Pathol. 2016;11:20–26. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Nalgirkar SP, Vinchurkar SA, Saoji AA, Mohanty S. Yoga as a therapeutic intervention in the management of dysfunctional uterine bleeding: a controlled pilot study. J Midlife Health. 2018;9:8–13. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]