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Premenstrual tension syndrome - Coggle Diagram
Premenstrual tension syndrome
Definition
This is characterised by head, lower back pain, fullness of breasts, mood swings and fatigue. Ocurring during the 7 to 10 days before and usually ending a few hours after onset of menses.
Signs and symptoms
Lower back pain
Fullness of breasts
Mood swings and fatigue
Headache
Pathophysiology
It is anticipated that premenstrual tension is likely to be influenced by the action of progesterone on neurotransmitters like gamma-aminobutyric acid, opioids, and catecholamine.
Preexisting serotonin deficiency with increased progesterone sensitivity is also considered responsible for this disorder.
Causes
Insufficient amount of serotonin
Nursing care plan
Nursing diagnosis
intense physical, psychologic, and behavioral changes that interrupt interpersonal relationships and disrupt the lives of affected women.
Nursing management
It is important to establish stressors in the patient's lifeand adress these. The patient should be reassured and offered some positive coping mechanisms. Reassure the patient allay anxiety, refer to psychologist if it is servere.
Medical management
For most PMS sufferers, initial treatment involves the physician's acknowledgement of the problem and advice about lifestyle, dietary modification and vitamin supplements eg, pyridoxine. Seven steps are recommended to assist the family physician in the practical office management of most women with PMS. The potential role of progesterone and other agents in the treatment of PMS is described. Referral to a psychiatrist or psychologist, or the use of drugs such as lithium, danazol or bromocriptine may be required for women suffering from severe PMS
Evaluation
Relieve anxiety
Patient to report no pain
Patient to be comfortable and have knowledge about the disorders