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Nervous Tissue and Special Sense Organs, 01B48F7C-6E0F-45E8-863B…
Nervous Tissue and Special Sense Organs
Special Sense Organs
Eye/ eye ball
Three layers/coats/tunics
Outer fibrous layer
Sclera (white)
protects and shapes the eyeball
Cornea
รูปร่างโค้งนูน โปร่งใส
ช่วยในการหักเหของแสง
Middle vascular layer
Choroid
ป้องการกระจัดกระจายของแสง
Ciliary body & process
control lens shape
secrete aqueous humor
Iris
Anterior layer
พบ melanocytesจำนวนมาก
Stroma
เป็น smooth muscle
stromal melanocyte
Posterior epithelium
pigmentedepithelium 2 ชั้น
Inner nervous layer
Retina
มีจำนวนชั้นทั้งหมด 10 ชั้น
Four types of cells
Photoreceptors
Direct conducting neurons
Associated neurons
Supporting cells
Special area of retina
Optic disc
Macula lutea
Fovea centralis
Lens
พบระหว่าง iris –vitrous body
โครงสร้างโปร่งใสและยืดหยุ่นได้
Lens capsule
subcapsular epithelium and lens fibers
Subcapsular epithelium
simple cuboidal epithelium
Lens substance
crystallin proteins
Eyelid
Cutaneous parts
glands of Moll
apocrine sweat glands at eyelashes
glands of Zeis
small sebaceous glands at eyelashes
Conjunctival part
tarsal plate
dense fibro-elastic tisssue
Meibomian glands
large sebaceous glands
Orbicularis oculi muscle
Ear
Internal ear
Bony and Membranous labyrinth
Auditory part
Cochlea
Modiolus
cochlear nerve-3
Basilar membrane
Vestibular membrane
Scala tympani
Scala media
Scala vestibuli
Helicotrema
Organ of Corti
Stratified columnar epithelium on BM
Hair cells
Supporting cells
Tectorial membrane
interdental cell
gelatinous membrane
Vestibular part
Semicircular canal
Ampulla
Crista ampullaris
Utricle and Saccule
Vestibule
Macula utriculi and sacculi
Vestibular ganglion
Vestibular nerve
Supporting cell
Taste Buds
Taste pores
Basal cells
stem cells
Supporting cells
Gustatory receptor cells
Smell
Olfactory epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Receptor cells
Supporting cells
Basal cells
Nervous System
Nervous tissue
Interstitial tissue
Supportive cells
Glial cells (Neuroglia)
CNS
Microglia
A very small glial cell & less cytoplasm
Irregular nuclear shape
Astrocytes
types
Protoplasmic astrocytes
short, thick, highly branched processes
found in gray matter
Fibrous astrocytes
long, thin, less branched processes
found in white matter
Large oval nucleus
Stellate shape
Ependymal cells
Produce & absorb cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Simple low cuboidal epithelium with microvilli (adult)
Simple columnar epithelium with cilia (embryo)
Oligodendrocytes
Small and dark round nucleus
Produce and maintain myelin in CNS
PNS
Schwann cells
Produces the myelin sheath
Elongated nucleus
functions in repair and regeneration of damaged nerves in PNS
Satellite cells
rounded or elongated nuclei are darker than nuclei
of adjacent ganglion cell
Surround cell bodies in ganglia
Polyhedral shape
Ganglia
Autonomic ganglia
Multipolar neuron
Eccentric nucleus
Incomplete surrounding by satellite cells
Dorsal root ganglion Ganglion of Cranial nerve
Concentric nucleus
Complete surrounding by satellite cells
Unipolar / bipolar neuron
Connective tissue
CNS – Meninges
PNS – Sheaths & Capsule
Neuron
A typical Neuron
Cell body (soma, perikaryon)
Nucleus
vesicular concentric nucleus
euchromatin
prominent nucleolus
Cytoplasm
Nissl body
basophilic substance/ rER
inclusion
lipofuscin, melanin pigment
intermediate filament
neurofilament
Process (contents of neuropils)
Axon
terminal bouton
axon hillock
Dendrite
dendritic spine (gemmules)
Types
Bipolar neuron
Function
Sensory neuron
bipolar cell of retina olfactory cell spiral/vestibular ganglion
Length of axon
Golgi type I: single long axon
Multipolar neuron
cerebrum (Pyramidal cell ) cerebellum (Purkinje cell ) ganglion cell of retina sympathetic ganglion
Length of axon
Golgi type II: short axon & dendrite resembles a star
Function
Sensory neuron
Motor neuron
Interneuron
Unipolar / pseudounipolar neuron
Function
Sensory neuron
Length of axon
Golgi type I: single long axon
dorsal root ganglion
Nerve fibers
Nerve sheath
Sheath of Schwann (Neurilemma)
Endoneurium
Myelin Sheath
Schwann cell (PNS)
Oligodendrocyte (CNS)
Node of Ranvier
Axon
Connective tissue investment of nerve
Nerve fiber
Fascicle
Bundle (nerve)
Epineurium
1 more item...
Perineurium
—
Endoneurium (sheath of Henle)
—
Types of Nerve fibers
Unmyelinated nerve fibers
แบ่งตามการทำงาน
Sensory fibers
Motor fibers
Myelinated nerve fibers
Demyelinating diseases
Multiple sclerosis (CNS)
Gillain-Barre’ syndrome (PNS)
Synapse
Specialized cell adhesion structures
Postsynaptic component
postsynaptic density (receptors)
Synaptic cleft
Presynaptic component
synaptic vesicle (neurotransmitters)
Types
Axosomatic synapse
Axoaxonic synapse
Axodendritic synapse
Neurotransmission (synaptic transmission)
Electrical synapse
gap junction
Chemical synapse
neurotransmitter
Nerve ending
Motor nerve ending
motor end - plate
Sensory nerve ending
Non-encapsulated receptors
Encapsulated receptors
muscle spindle
golgi tendon organ
Chromatolysis
การสลายของ Nissl bodies เมื่อ neuron ถูกทำลาย
Anatomical subdivision of Nervous system
CNS
Spinal cord
Brain
PNS
Nerves
Ganglia
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-227a-eye/20-slide-1.html?x=21700&y=37890&z=2.9&page=5
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-230-inner-ear/20-slide-1.html?x=5250&y=12231&z=37.2
Pyramidal cell
Purkinje cell
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-230-inner-ear/20-slide-1.html?x=5250&y=12231&z=37.2
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-231-eyelid/20-slide-1.html?x=4354&y=10535&z=8.2
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-229-eye/20-slide-1.html?x=51428&y=23756&z=10.0&page=4
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-227a-eye/20-slide-1.html?x=16070&y=41601&z=3.0&page=3
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MHS-227a-eye/20-slide-1.html?page=3
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MH-052-peripheral-nerve/06-slide-1.html?x=22730&y=4654&z=100.0
Link Title
https://www.histologyguide.com/slideview/MH-047-spinal-cord/06-slide-3.html?x=16799&y=9319&z=37.2
