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*Hemoglobin and Sickle Cell - Coggle Diagram
*Hemoglobin and Sickle Cell
Hemoglobin and O2 transport
Different Hb for different physicological needs
HbF for liver and spleen
HbA for bone marrow
Adult Hb
Without Quaternary structure = NO cooperativity
O2 Binding Curve
Hb is fully saturated @ lung O2 pressure (95% saturated)
Hb dumps 2/3 of O2 to peripheral tissues
Remaining O2 reserved for higher physical activity
*Monod Model of Positive Cooperativity
Hemoglobin exists in the absence of O2 in two forms; R0 and T0
These two are in equilibrium, so as R0 binds O2 and becomes R1, T0 turns into R0 to maintain equilibrium
Oxygen binds with the same affinity to R0, R1, R2, R3, R4. So the binding strength of the subunits is no different at any time during the hemoglobin curve
Increase in subunit availability is what causes cooperativity
Altering the T0 state alters cooperativity of Hb
*How Oxygenation and deoxygenation works
Quaternary structure is required for hemoglobin cooperatively (essential!)
Sickle Cell Disease
HbS
Sickle cells only last ~20 days whereas healthy RBCs last 120 days
Providers could do a better job of explaining that there is a 25% chance of sickle cell disease for
each pregnancy
irrespective of the others
Sickle cell is
more common
in individuals of African descent,
but it exists in other populations as well
, including those of European descent
Pain is only a single symptom of the disease
Do
NOT
judge and lable people