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Family 1.2.1 - Coggle Diagram
Family 1.2.1
Sociologists
The Rapoports
In the 1980s, Rhona and Robert realised families were becoming more diverse and the nucleur family was only one of many family types.
One ways family diversity occured is how they organise stereotypical gender roles e.g both parents going out to work
Chester
Chester argues despite changes, the nucleur family is the main family type as: most people marry and don't divorce or remarry, cohabiting couples typically marry eventually
Data shows that married couples and civil-partnership families are still the most common family type in the UK, however, cohabiting couples are the fastest growing family type
Charles Murray
Murray believes that the nucleur family is the 'right' family type as fathers need to show their sons how to be masculine and liewise for females
he believes alternative family types e.g lone-parent are more likely to live in poverty and get benefits from the goverment
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Family diversity
Types of family
Nuclear family- a mother, father (cohabiting or married) and kids
Extended family- immediate family and other relatives, can be Beanpole families vertically extended with up to four generations
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Global
Polygamy- a marriage allowing spouses to marry several partners, typically men having several wives which is common in Islam
Arranged marriages- parents organize children's marriages, often unknown to each other, common in South Asia
One-child policy- From 1979 to 2015, each family in China could only have one child to slow population growth
Family roles
Conjugal roles
Willmott and Young
In the 1970s, they claimed a new type of conjugal arrangement emerged that made the relationship equal but not identical: A study shows that married women were going out to work more and the men more likely to engage in domestic tasks
They put forward the principle of stratified diffusion to predict the symmterical family started in the middle class then spread to the working class
Ann Oakley
Criticising Wilmott and Young, Oakley argued women were beginning to face a dual burden of doing majority of housework as well as paid work
Duncombe and Marsden
Adding on to Oakley's Dual Burden, they believed emotional work was also a large role for the women, managing the feelings and emotions in the household
Child-centred families
Families want to prioritise their children in order to give them a better childhood by having more money and time to spend on a fewer amount
There are still differences due to social glass, gender, ethnicity, etc as, for example, lower class are more likely to have more children in hopes they provide for the parents in later life
Neil Postman argues that child-centric families are actually disappearing as children are becoming more like adults due to exposure to graphic television and social media